Jagorar Karfe Mai Ƙarfi: Daga S355 zuwa S960 Grades

A duniyar injiniyan gine-gine, wuce ƙarfen carbon na yau da kullun ba wani abin jin daɗi bane - yana da mahimmanci ga aiki da dorewa. Babban Karfe Mai Ƙarfi, ko HSS, yana ba da damar ƙira mai laushi, rage yawan walda, da rage farashin sufuri sosai.

Duk da haka, ƙa'idodin sanya suna na ƙa'idodin Turai sau da yawa suna haifar da rudani a farfajiyar shagon. Zaɓar tsakanin S460MLH da S460NH ba wai kawai game da lakabi ba ne; yana nuna yadda za a haɗa aikin ku, a samar da shi, da kuma yadda zai yi aiki a yanayin zafi ƙasa da sifili.

—–Rage Matsayin Daraja——————————————

Ƙimar lambobi a cikin kowane matakin EN, kamar355ko 960, yana wakiltar ƙarancin ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa da aka auna a cikin megapascals. Duk da cewa S355 ya kasance babban mai aiki a duniya don gine-gine gabaɗaya, masana'antar tana canzawa cikin sauri zuwa gaS460da kuma S690 don cimma burin rage nauyi.

Tasirin Sarrafawa: M, N, da Q

Wasikar da ke bin ƙarfin tana nuna yanayin isar da kaya, wanda ake iya cewa shine mafi mahimmancin abin da ake buƙata don ƙera.

• Jerin M (An yi birgima ta hanyar thermomechanical):Ana sarrafa waɗannan ƙarfe a takamaiman yanayin zafi don samun ƙarfi mai yawa tare da ƙarancin carbon mai kama da juna. Wannan yana sa ƙarfen jerin M ya zama mai sauƙin walda, sau da yawa yana kawar da buƙatar dumamawa kafin lokaci ko da a cikin sassa masu kauri.
• Jerin N (An daidaita):Hanya ce ta gargajiya inda ake sarrafa ƙarfen da zafi don cimma tsarin hatsi iri ɗaya. Yana da ƙarfi sosai kuma ana fifita shi idan ƙarfen zai ci gaba da yin maganin zafi ko kuma ya yi zafi yayin samarwa.
• Jerin Q (An Kashe Kuma An Tsaftace):Wannan shine ma'aunin zinariya na ƙarfin da ba shi da ƙarfi sosai. Ta hanyar sanyaya ƙarfe cikin sauri sannan a sake dumama shi, muna samun ƙarfin fitarwa daga 690 MPa har zuwa 960 MPa. Duk da haka, waɗannan matakan suna buƙatar kulawa mai ƙarfi yayin walda don guje wa laushin kayan.

—–Muhimmancin Ƙarfin Zafi Mai Ƙasa————————————

Ƙarfi rabin labarin ne kawai. Yayin da ƙarfe ke ƙara tauri, a dabi'ance yana ƙara saurin karyewa. Domin magance wannan, injiniyoyi dole ne su nemi alamun L ko L1.

Matsakaicin maki yawanci yana tabbatar da tasirin makamashi a -20°C. Idan aikinku yana fuskantar yanayi mai tsauri - kamar dandamali na ƙasashen waje, kayan aiki masu tsayi, ko kayayyakin more rayuwa na arctic - dole ne ku ƙayyade MLH ko NLH don aiki a -40°C, ko kuma elite QL1H don aminci har zuwa -60°C.

Amfani da Dabaru na Stee Mai Ƙarfi

—–Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi————————————

T1: Zan iya maye gurbin S355 kai tsaye da S960 don adana nauyi?

A1: Ba daidai ba ne. Duk da cewa S960 ya fi ƙarfi kusan sau uku, tsarin ƙarfe mai laushi yana nan daram. Idan ƙirar ku ta iyakance ta hanyar "deflection" ko "tauri" maimakon "ƙarfi," sashin S960 mai siriri na iya girgiza ko lanƙwasa sosai. Dole ne ku sake tsara yanayin don cin gajiyar ƙarfin da ya fi girma.

T2: Me yasa S700MC ya bambanta da S690QH?

A2; Ko da yake ƙarfinsu iri ɗaya ne, an tsara S700MC musamman don ƙirƙirar sanyi da lanƙwasawa. Farantin da aka naɗe shi da thermomechanical (MC) ne wanda zai iya jure radi mai lanƙwasa ba tare da fashewa ba, yayin da ƙarfe na jerin Q (QH) an inganta su don sassan gine-gine masu rami da faranti masu nauyi inda ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya mai ƙarfi shine fifiko.

T3: Shin walda tana shafar ƙarfin S960?

A4: Eh. Karfe masu ƙarfi sosai suna dogara ne akan daidaitaccen maganin zafi. Idan "shigar da zafi" na walda ya yi yawa, yana ƙirƙirar Yankin Tausasawa a yankin kusa da walda. Wannan yana rage ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa na gida. Masu walda dole ne su bi ƙa'idodi masu tsauri game da yanayin zafi da saurin sanyaya.

T4: Shin S460MLH ya fi sauƙin walda fiye da S460NH?

A4: Gabaɗaya, eh. Saboda ma'aunin MLH yana amfani da birgima na thermomechanical, suna samun ƙarfinsu tare da ƙarancin abubuwan haɗin gwiwa kamar carbon da manganese. Wannan ƙarancin carbon yana sa ƙarfen ya zama ƙasa da saurin fashewa ga hydrogen, sau da yawa yana kawar da buƙatar dumama ƙarfe kafin walda.

T5: Menene "H" a ƙarshen waɗannan maki ke wakilta?

A5: H tana nufin Sashen Hollow. Ko bututun bututu ne mai zagaye, murabba'i, ko murabba'i, ƙarin bayani na H yana tabbatar da cewa kayan ya cika takamaiman buƙatun ƙa'idodin EN 10210 ko EN 10219 don sassan gine-gine masu rami.