Insimbi yekhabhoni engenalutho, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi insimbi yekhabhoni, iyinto eyisisekelo ensimbiniukukhiqiza. Ukwakheka kwayo ngokuyinhloko kuyinsimbi nekhabhoni, kanye nenani elincane le-manganese, i-silicon, i-sulfur, ne-phosphorus. Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kunquma kakhulu izakhiwo zayo zomshini. Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okuphansi kukhiqiza insimbi ethambile nethambile kakhulu. Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okuphezulu kwandisa ubulukhuni namandla kodwa kunciphisa ukunamathela.
Insimbi ethambile imelela ukuphela kwekhabhoni ephansi kwe-spectrum yensimbi yekhabhoni. Ngokuvamile iqukethe ikhabhoni engu-0.05–0.25%, kulula ukuyishibiliza, ukuyibumba, kanye nomshini. Ubulukhuni bayo obuphansi buyenza ifaneleke izingxenye zesakhiwo, izinhlaka zokwakha, kanye namapayipi ensimbi ajwayelekile. Izinsimbi eziphakathi nendawo neziphezulu ziqukethe ikhabhoni engu-0.25–1.0%. Ziqinile kodwa azinamatheli kakhulu, ngakho-ke zivame ukusetshenziswa ezingxenyeni zemishini, amagiya, kanye namathuluzi.
Umehluko phakathi kwensimbi yekhabhoni engenalutho kanye nensimbi ethambile uba sobala uma kuhlolwa izakhiwo ezithile:
| Impahla | Insimbi Emnene | Insimbi Yekhabhoni Ephakathi/Ephakeme |
| Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni | 0.05–0.25% | 0.25–1.0% |
| Amandla Okudonsa | 400–550 MPa | 600–1200 MPa |
| Ubulukhuni | Phansi | Phezulu |
| Ukushibilika | Kuhle kakhulu | Kunqunyelwe |
| Ukusebenziseka kalula | Kuhle | Okumaphakathi |
| Ukusetshenziswa Okuvamile | Amapayipi, amashidi, ukwakhiwa | Amagiya, amathuluzi okusika, iziphethu |
Insimbi ethambileIpayipi le-ERWKulula ukugoba nokushisela. Ngokuphambene nalokho, umgodi wensimbi yekhabhoni ophakathi nendawo unzima kakhulu futhi unikeza ukumelana okuphezulu kokuguguleka, okwenza ufanelekele ukusetshenziswa okunengcindezi ephezulu. Lo mehluko uthinta kokubili izinqubo zokukhiqiza kanye nezicelo zokusetshenziswa kokugcina.
Insimbi yekhabhoni engenalutho ingaqhathaniswa nezinye izinto. Insimbi engagqwali iqukethe okungenani i-10.5% ye-chromium, enikeza ukumelana okuqinile kokugqwala kodwa ngezindleko eziphakeme, kuyilapho insimbi yekhabhoni iyonga kakhulu futhi isebenza kahle ngokuvikela ubuso njengokufaka i-galvanizing noma ukupenda.
Ukwazi umehluko ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo zemishini, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivamile kusiza onjiniyela, abaklami, kanye nabathengi ukuthi bakhethe insimbi efanele. Insimbi ethambile, isibonelo, kulula ukuyibumba nokuyishibiliza, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu kumaphrojekthi ezakhiwo.
Nokho, insimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu imelana nokucindezeleka nokuguga, efanelekela izingxenye ezidinga kakhulu. Ekugcineni, insimbi enekhabhoni elula ilinganisela ukuguquguquka nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Insimbi ethambile yenza ukwenziwa kube lula, kuyilapho izinhlobo zekhabhoni ezinamandla zinikeza ukuqina okuthuthukisiwe. Ukuqonda lokhu kuhlukanisa kuqinisekisa ukuthi into ngayinye isebenza kahle kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 12-2025
