Ngā whare ātete rū whenua - te māramatanga mai i te rū whenua o Türkiye i Hiria
E ai ki ngā purongo hou mai i ngā pāpāho maha, kua mate atu i te 7700 ngā tāngata i Turkey me Syria i te rū whenua i Türkiye. I tino pakaru ngā whare teitei, ngā hōhipera, ngā kura me ngā rori i ngā wāhi maha. Kua tukuna e ngā whenua he āwhina i ia wā, i ia wā. Kei te kaha hoki a Haina ki te tuku i ngā tīma āwhina ki te wāhi i pā ai te aituā.
He mea ā-roto te hoahoanga e pā tata ana ki te oranga o te tangata. Ko ngā tino take o ngā mate i roto i ngā rū whenua ko te whakangaromanga, te hinganga me te kino o te mata o ngā whare me ngā hanganga.
Ngā whare i pakaru i te rū whenua
Nā te rū whenua i whakangaro, i hinga hoki ngā whare me ngā whare hangarau maha, ā, he nui ngā mate i pā ki ngā oranga me ngā taonga o te whenua me te tangata, kāore e taea te tatau. He hononga tika te kaha rū whenua o ngā whare ki te haumaru o te oranga me ngā taonga o te tangata.
He tino kino te whara i puta mai i ngā rū whenua. He maha ngā tauira o ngā kino kino ki ngā whare i puta mai i ngā rū whenua i roto i te hītori—
"Tata ki te 100% o te whare e 9-papa me te hanganga anga raima whakapakari i Lenin Nakan i hinga."
——Te rū whenua o Armenia i te tau 1988, he 7.0 te kaha
"Nā te rū whenua i hinga ai ngā whare e 90,000 me ngā whare arumoni e 4000, ā, e 69,000 ngā whare i pakaru ki ngā taumata rerekē"
——1990 Rū whenua o Īrāna me te kaha 7.7
"Neke atu i te 20,000 ngā whare i te rohe katoa o te rū whenua i pakaru, tae atu ki ngā hōhipera, ngā kura me ngā whare tari"
——1992 Türkiye M6.8 ru
"I roto i tēnei rū whenua, 18000 ngā whare i pakaru, ā, 12000 ngā whare i tino whakangaromia."
——Rū whenua o Kobe i te tau 1995 me te kaha 7.2 i Hyogo, Hapani
"I te rohe o Lavalakot o Kashmir e whakahaerehia ana e Pakitāne, he maha ngā whare adobe i hinga i te rū whenua, ā, he maha ngā kāinga i tino papatahitia."
——Te rū whenua o Pakitāne me te kaha 7.8 i te tau 2005
He aha ngā whare rongonui o te ao e ātete ana ki te rū whenua? Ka taea rānei te rongonui ake ā tātou whare ātete ki te rū whenua ā muri ake nei?
1. Te Taunga Rererangi o Ataturk i Istanbul
Ngā Kupu Matua: # Te Wehenga o te Pendulum Waku Toru#
>>> Whakaahuatanga o te whare:
Te Whare Tiwhikete Koura LEED, te whare nui rawa atuWhare whaimana LEEDi te ao. Kua āta hangaia tēnei whare e 2 miriona putu tapawha te rahi, ā, ka taea te whakamahi tonu i muri i te aituā. Ka whakamahia he ārai wiri pendulum waku-toru hei āwhina i te whare kia kaua e hinga ina puta he rū whenua.
2. Te Whare Pāremata o Utah
Ngā Kupu Matua: # peera wehewehe rapa#
>>> Whakaahuatanga o te whare:
He ngāwari te Whare Pāremata o te Kāwanatanga o Utah ki ngā rū whenua, ā, i whakatūria e rātou tana ake pūnaha wehe turanga, i oti i te tau 2007.
Ko te pūnaha wehewehe turanga e whakauru ana i te whare ki runga i tētahi whatunga o ngā wehewehe e 280 i hangaia ki te rapa whakakikoruatia ki runga i te turanga o te whare. Ka herea ēnei peera rapa mata ki te whare me tōna turanga mā te āwhina o ngā pereti maitai.
Mēnā ka puta he rū whenua, ka poutū ēnei whāriki wehewehe kaua ki te whakapae, kia taea ai e te whare te rūrū haere whakamua, whakamua hoki, ā, ka nekehia te turanga o te whare, engari kāore e nekehia te turanga o te whare.
3. Te Pokapū Pūtea o te Ao o Taipei (Whare 101)
Ngā Kupu Matua: # te whakakōpiri papatipu kua whakaritea#
>>> Whakaahuatanga o te whare:
Kei te Rohe o Xinyi, Taiwana, Haina, Porowini o Taiwana, Haina te whare o Taipei 101, e mōhiotia ana ko Taipei 101 me Taipei Finance Building.
E 382 ngā raima whakakaha i hangaia ai te puranga turanga o te whare o Taipei 101, ā, e 8 ngā pou whakakaha i hangaia ai te taha. Kua whakatakotoria ngā ārai papatipu kua whakatikatikaina ki roto i te whare.
Ina puta he rū whenua, ka mahi te ārai papatipu hei pendulum e neke ana i te taha ke o te whare e neke ana, ā, ka whakamararatia te kaha me ngā pānga wiri i puta mai i ngā rū whenua me ngā awhiowhio.
Ētahi atu whare rū whenua rongonui
Te Pourewa Ru o Hapani, Te Pourewa Rākau o Yingxian o Haina
Khalifa, Dubai, Pokapū Tāone
4. Te Pokapū o Citigroup
I roto i ngā whare katoa, ko "Citigroup Headquarters" te kaiārahi i te whakamahi i te pūnaha hei whakapiki i te pumau o te whare - "tuned mass damper".
5.USA: Te Hanga Pōro
Kua hangaia e te Hononga o Amerika tētahi momo "whare pōro ātete-ru", pērā i tētahi whare wheketere hiko i hangaia i Silicon Valley i ēnei rā tata nei. Ka tāutahia ngā pōro kowiri tira ki raro i ia pou, i ia pakitara rānei o te whare, ā, ka tautokona te whare katoa e ngā pōro. Ka mau pūmau ngā kurupae maitai whakawhiti i te whare me te turanga. Ina puta he rū whenua, ka whānui, ka kōpiri aunoa ngā kurupae maitai rapa, nō reira ka paheke paku te whare ki mua, ki muri i runga i te pōro, ka taea te whakaiti i te kaha whakangaro o te rū whenua.
7. Hapani: whare teitei ārai-rū whenua
He whare noho i hangaia e Daikyo Corp, e kīia ana ko ia te whare teitei rawa atu i Hapani, e whakamahi ana i te 168ngā paipa maitai, rite tonu ki ērā e whakamahia ana i te World Trade Center o New York, hei whakarite i te kaha o te rū whenua. Hei tāpiri, ka whakamahia hoki e te whare noho he hanganga pakari, he tinana ātete rū whenua. I roto i te rū whenua o te kaha o te rū whenua Hanshin, ka rū te hanganga ngāwari tata ki te 1 mita te teitei, ko te hanganga pakari ia ka rū noa iho i te 30 henimita. Kei te hoko a Mitsui Fudosan i tētahi whare noho 93 mita te teitei, ātete rū whenua i te rohe o Sugimoto o Tōkyō. Ko te taha o te whare he mea hanga ki te rapa kaha-teitei hou, 16-paparanga, ā, ko te wāhanga waenga o te whare he mea hanga ki te rapa whakakikorua mai i ngā pūnaha rapa taiao. Mā tēnei, mēnā ka pā he rū whenua 6 te kaha, ka taea te whakaiti i te kaha ki runga i te whare mā te haurua. I tukuna e Mitsui Fudosan e 40 ngā whare pēnei ki te mākete i te tau 2000.
8. Te hanga rapa
He wāhi tino pāngia a Hapani e te rū whenua, ā, he wheako motuhake anō hoki tōna ki tēnei rohe. Kua hoahoatia e rātou he "whare pīwariwari" me te mahi rū whenua pai. Tekau mā rua ngā whare pīwariwari kua hangaia e Hapani ki Tōkyō. I te whakamātautauhia e te rū whenua 6.6 te kaha i Tōkyō, kua kitea tōna whai huatanga ki te whakaiti i ngā āhuatanga kino o te rū whenua. Ko tēnei momo whare pīwariwari he mea hanga ki runga i te tinana wehe, he mea hanga ki te rōpū pereti maitai pakari rapa kua whakakikoruatia me te ārai. Kāore te hanganga o te whare e pā tika ki te whenua. He mea hanga te ārai ki ngā pereti maitai porowhita hei whakaiti i te piki me te heke.
9. Whare noho ārai-rū e mānu ana
Ko tēnei "whutupaoro" nui he whare ko Barier te ingoa i hangaia e Kimidori House i Hapani. Ka taea e ia te ātete i ngā rū whenua, ā, ka mānu i runga i te wai. Ko te utu mō tēnei whare motuhake he tata ki te 1390000 yen (tata ki te 100000 yuan).
10. He "whare ātete rū whenua" iti te utu
Kua whakawhanakehia e tētahi kamupene Hapanihi tētahi "whare ātete rū whenua" iti te utu, he mea hanga katoa ki te rakau, he iti rawa te rahi o te 2 mita pūrua, ā, ko te utu he 2000 tāra. Ka taea e ia te tū ake ina hinga te whare matua, ā, ka taea hoki te tu atu i te pānga me te putanga mai o te hanganga kua hinga, ā, ka tiakina pai te oranga me ngā taonga o ngā kainoho o te whare.
11.Yingxian Wood Tower
He maha atu anō ngā tikanga hangarau e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā whare tawhito o Haina, koinei te kī ki te ātete rū o ngā whare tawhito. He mea hanga tino mohio te hononga mortise and tenon. I tīmata te whakamahi a ō tātou tūpuna i te 7000 tau ki muri. Mā tēnei momo tikanga hononga wāhanga me te kore whao ka huri te hanganga rakau tuku iho o Haina hei hanganga ngāwari motuhake e hipa ana i te anga piko, anga pakari, anga pakari rānei o ngā whare o nāianei. E kore e taea e ia te pikau i te kawenga nui anake, engari ka taea hoki te tuku i tētahi taumata o te whakarerekētanga, me te mimiti i tētahi nui o te kaha mā te whakarerekētanga i raro i te kawenga rū, ka whakaiti i te urupare rū o ngā whare.
Whakarāpopototia te māramatanga
Kia tupato ki te whiriwhiri i te wāhi
Kāore e taea te hanga whare ki runga i ngā hapa hohe, i ngā onepū ngohengohe me te whenua whakakīia horihori.
Me hoahoa kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga whakapakari rū whenua
Ko ngā hanganga hangarau kāore e tutuki i ngā whakaritenga mō te whakapakari rū whenua ka tino pakaru i raro i te mahi a ngā kawenga rū whenua (ngā kaha).
Me whai whakaaro tika te hoahoa rū whenua
Ina hangaia te whare, mā te iti rawa o ngā pakitara wehewehe i raro, te nui rawa o te wāhi, te kore rānei o te whare pereki maha-papa e tāpiri i ngā kurupae porowhita me ngā pou hanganga e hiahiatia ana, te kore rānei e hoahoa kia rite ki te teitei iti, me ētahi atu, ka piko te whare, ka hinga hoki i roto i te rū whenua kaha.
Whakakāhoretia te "kaupapa toenga tōtiti"
Me hanga ngā whare kia rite ki ngā paerewa pā kaha ā-ru whenua, ā, me hanga hoki kia tino rite ki ngā paerewa.
I te mutunga ka mea te ētita
I te whanaketanga o te ao tūroa me te whanaketanga o te ao tūroa, ka taea hoki e ngā āhuatanga taiao te whakatairanga i te auahatanga o te hangarau hanga. Ahakoa te āhua nei ka kata te tangata ki ētahi whare, he pono, he ariā hoahoa ahurei tō ngā momo whare katoa. Ina rongo tātou i te haumaru e kawea mai ana e ngā whare, me whakaute anō hoki tātou i ngā whakaaro o ngā kaihoahoa whare.
Kei te hiahia a Yuantai Derun Steel Pipe Manufacturing Group ki te mahi tahi me ngā kaihoahoa me ngā miihini mai i te ao katoa ki te hanga kaupapa whare ru, me te whai kia noho hei kaihanga katoa ongā paipa maitai hanganga.
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Te wā tuku: Hui-tanguru-08-2023
