Kupu Whakataki:
Ngā Painga Taiao, Hauora me te Ōhanga - He aha tonu te Tiwhikete LEED? He aha i hiranga ai i roto i ngā hoahoanga o ēnei rā?
I ēnei rā, he maha atu ngā āhuatanga e whakararu ana i te taiao i roto i tō tātou ao pāpori o ēnei rā. Ko ngā pūnaha hanganga kore pumau, ko ngā para kirihou me te pikinga o ngā tukunga waro katoa te take o tēnei āhuatanga. Heoi, i ngā wā tata nei, kua kite te iwi i te hiahia kia tiakina te taiao mai i ngā kino. Hei wāhanga o tēnei mahi, kei te mahi ngā kāwanatanga ki te whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro mai i te umanga hanga. Ka taea te whakaiti i ngā tukunga mā te hoko hua pumau me te whakatinana i ngā tikanga hanga pumau.
I te piki haere o te hiahia mō ngā whare pumau, ka whakatata atu te tiwhikete LEED ki te umanga hanga whare ki te whakatutuki i te pumau.
- He aha te Tiwhikete LEED?
Ko te LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) he pūnaha aromatawai whare matomato. Ko te whāinga he whakaiti i te pānga kino ki te taiao me ngā kainoho i roto i te hoahoa. Ko te whāinga he whakarite i tētahi ariā katoa me te tika mō ngā whare matomato me te ārai i te whakakāriki nui o ngā whare. I whakatūria te LEED e te United States Green Building Council, ā, i tīmata te whakatinana i te tau 2000. Kua whakarārangihia hei paerewa ā-ture i roto i ētahi kawanatanga me ngā whenua o te United States.
Ko LEED te tohu o te kaiārahi i roto i te hoahoa pūngao me te taiao.Te Kaunihera Hanga Whare Kakariki o te Hononga o Amerika (USGBC)kua whakawhanake i te tiwhikete LEED. I hangaia te LEED hei āwhina i te hanga whare matomato whai hua ake. Nō reira, ka whakarite te LEED i ngā whare e pai ana ki te taiao. Ka aromatawaihia e tēnei tiwhikete te hoahoa me te hanganga o ngā whare i runga i ngā āhuatanga maha.
E whā ngā taumata tiwhikete LEED e whakawhiwhia ana e te USGBC ki ngā whare e whai wāhi ana ki te kaupapa. Ko te maha o ngā tohu ka riro i ngā whare e whakatau ana i tō rātou tūranga. Ko ēnei taumata:
- Ngā whare whai tiwhikete LEED (40-49 ngā tohu)
- Whare Hiriwa LEED (50-59 ngā tohu)
- Whare Koura LEED (60-79 ngā tohu)
- Whare Platinum LEED (80 ngā tohu me runga ake)
E ai ki te United States Green Building Council, ko te tiwhikete LEED he tohu rongonui o te ao mō te whakatutukitanga o te oranga tonutanga.
Te uara o te tiwhikete LEED i roto i te hoahoanga hou
Nā, he aha ngā painga o te tiwhikete LEED? He nui te wāhanga o te taupori o te ao e noho ana, e mahi ana, e ako ana hoki i roto i ngā whare kua tiwhiketehia e LEED. Ko ngā take he mea nui te tiwhikete LEED i roto i ngā hoahoanga hou ko:
painga taiao
Hei tauira, i te Hononga o Amerika, ko ngā whare te wāhanga nui o te whakamahinga pūngao, wai me te hiko o te motu. He wāhanga nui anō hoki o ngā tukunga CO2 (tata ki te 40%). Heoi anō, ka āwhina te kaupapa LEED i ngā whare hou me ngā whare o nāianei ki te tango i tētahi huarahi tauwhiro ake. Ko tētahi o ngā painga o te hanga whare matomato mā te LEED ko te penapena wai.
Ka akiaki te LEED i te whakaiti i te whakamahinga o te wai me te whakahaere wai ua. Ka akiaki hoki i te whakamahinga o ngā puna wai rerekē. Mā tēnei, ka piki ake te penapena wai o ngā whare LEED. Tata ki te haurua o ngā tukunga CO2 o te ao ka puta mai i ngā whare. Ko ngā puna waro i roto i ngā whare ko te pūngao mō te papu me te maimoatanga wai. Ko ētahi atu puna ko te maimoatanga para me ngā wahie pūmua mō te whakamahana me te whakamatao.
Ka āwhina a LEED ki te whakaiti i ngā tukunga CO2 mā te utu i ngā kaupapa kore tukunga kupenga. Ka utu hoki i ngā kaupapa e whakaputa ana i ngā hokinga pūngao pai. Ka iti ake hoki ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi o ngā whare kua whai tiwhikete LEED. Ko te nuinga o ēnei tukunga ka ahu mai i te wai, te para totoka me te kawe waka. Ko tētahi atu painga taiao o te tiwhikete LEED ko te whakatenatena i te whakaiti i te whakamahinga pūngao.
E miriona tāne para te hua o te umanga hanga i ia tau. Ka akiaki a LEED i te whakawhiti para mai i ngā whenua ururua. Ka whakawhiwhia hoki e ia te whakahaere para hanga pumau, ā, ka akiaki i te ōhanga porowhita whānui. Ka whiwhi tohu rātou ina hangarua, ka whakamahi anō, ka hangarua hoki ngā rauemi e te kaupapa. Ka whiwhi tohu hoki rātou ina whakamahi rātou i ngā rauemi pumau.
Ngā painga hauora
Ko te hauora te mea nui rawa atu mō te tini o te tangata. Mā te whakamahi i te pūnaha whakatauranga LEED hei hanga whare matomato ka āwhina i te tangata ki te noho me te mahi i roto i te taiao hauora. Ko ngā whare LEED e arotahi ana ki te hauora o te tangata i roto, i waho hoki.
E 90% o te wā e pau ana i te tangata ki roto i te whare. Heoi, ko te kukū o ngā parahanga o roto e rua ki te rima ngā wā e nui ake ana i te kukū o ngā parahanga o waho. Ko ngā pānga hauora o ngā parahanga e kitea ana i roto i te hau o roto he ānini. Ko ētahi atu pānga ko te ngenge, te mate ngakau me ngā mate manawa.
Ka whakapai ake a LEED i te kounga o te hau o roto mā tana pūnaha whakatauranga. Kua hangaia ngā whare noho whaimana LEED hei whakarato i te hau o roto kia ma ake, kia pai ake hoki. Ka akiaki hoki a LEED i te whanaketanga o ngā wāhi e whiwhi ana i te māramatanga o te rā. Kāore hoki i roto i ēnei wāhi ngā matū whakapataritari e kitea ana i roto i te peita.
I roto i te whare tari, ka taea e te taiao hauora o roto te whakapai ake i te whai wāhi a ngā kaimahi. He hau ma, he nui hoki te rā e puta mai ana i tēnei taiao. Ko ētahi o ngā painga o ngā whare kua whai tiwhikete LEED ko te pikinga ake o te mahi me te pupuri i ngā kaimahi. I roto i tētahi wāhi hauora pēnei, ka teitei ake hoki te whai huatanga o ngā kaimahi ki te mahi.
Ka taea e ngā whare whai tiwhikete LEED te whakapai ake i te kounga o te hau o waho, inā koa i ngā rohe tino ahumahi. Nō reira, he mea nui te LEED ki te whakaiti i te paowa. He mea nui anō hoki kia hauora ake te hau o te taupori whānui.
te mahi ōhanga
Ka āwhina te LEED ki te penapena utu. Mā te whakamahi i ngā rama LED ka taea te whakaiti nui i ngā utu pūngao. Pērā anō hoki mō ngā tikanga whakamahana me te whakamatao e whai hua ana ki te pūngao. E akiaki ana te LEED i te whakamahinga o ēnei tikanga penapena pūngao me te penapena utu.
He iti hoki ngā utu tiaki mō ngā whare LEED. Arā, ki te whakaritea ki ngā whare arumoni noa. He iti hoki te utu whakahaere mō ngā whare matomato.
Ka whiwhi hoki ngā whare kua whai tiwhikete LEED i ngā whakatenatena tāke me ngā whakatenatena. He maha ngā kāwanatanga ā-rohe e whakarato ana i ēnei painga. Kei roto i ēnei painga ko ngā whiwhinga tāke, ngā tangohanga utu me ngā tautoko. Ka taea hoki e te whare te whiwhi whakaaetanga hanga tere me te whakahekenga utu.
Ka whakahaerehia e ētahi wāhi ngā arotakenga pūngao. Mā te tiwhikete LEED ka taea te whakakore i ngā whare mai i te arotakenga, ā, ka penapena moni kaupapa. Ka tāpiri uara anō hoki ngā whare LEED ki te whenua. Hei tāpiri, ka kukume mai ēnei whare i ngā kairihi. He iti ake te reiti takoto kau o ngā whare matomato i ērā o ngā whare kāore i te matomato.
He painga whakataetae anō hoki te tiwhikete LEED. Nō nā tata nei, kua nui ake te aro o ngā kiritaki ki te taiao. He maha ngā tāngata e hiahia ana ki te utu tāpiri mō ngā taonga me ngā ratonga a ngā kamupene e aro nui ana ki te taiao. Ko te nui ake o ngā kiritaki he nui ake te moni whiwhi.
whakarāpopoto
Ko te LEED tētahi o ngā kaupapa matua o te ao mō te whanaketanga tauwhiro i roto i te hoahoa me te hanga whare. Ko te tiwhikete LEED e tohu ana i te whakamahinga o ngā tikanga hanga e whakatairanga ana i te ōhanga porowhita, ā, he pai hoki mō te taiao. Mā te whiwhi tiwhikete ka taea te whakapai ake i te ingoa o ngā kaimahi kirimana me ngā rangatira.
I te pikinga ake o te tono mō te oranga tonutanga, kua piki haere te hiranga o te tiwhikete LEED. He painga mō te umanga hanga, ā, ka whakatuwhera i te ara mō tētahi pūnaha matatika mō te hanga oranga tonutanga. I te nuinga o te wā, e whakapau kaha ana a LEED ki te whakarite kia oranga tonutanga, kia ora hoki te ao.
Heoi anō, hei tāpiri atu ki te LEED, kei roto hoki i te pūnaha aromatawai whare matomato o te ao:Aromatawai Whare Kakariki o HainaPaerewa GB50378-2014, teAromatawai Whare Kakariki o PeretāniaPūnaha (BREE-AM), tePūnaha Aromatawai Mahi Taiao Whānui mō ngā Hanga Whare Hapanihi(CASBEE), me tePūnaha Aromatawai Whare Kakariki Wīwī(HQE). Hei tāpiritanga, kei reira anō hokiHe aratohu hanga taiao Tiamanas LN B,Aromatawai taiao hanga whare o Ahitereiriatinana N ABERS, meAromatawai Taputapu o te UK o Kanatapūnaha.
Ko Tianjin Yuantai Derun Steel Pipe Manufacturing Group, tētahi o ngā kaihanga paipa tapawhā me te tapawhā i Haina i whiwhi i te tiwhikete LEED i te tīmatanga, ko ngā hua e hokona ana e rātou ko ēnei:
Paipa maitai tapawhā rahi o Yuantai
Yuantai paipa maitai tapawhā tui
Paipa maitai tapawhā matotoru reo-waenga o Yuantai
Paipa maitai tapawhā angiangi Yuantai
Wāhanga kōhao maitai Yuantai Brand
Yuantai paipa maitai tuitui tika porowhita
Wā tuku: Hanuere-04-2023
