Ukusetyenziswa kweityhubhu yentsimbiayikhuselekanga nje kuphela ebantwini, kodwa ikwakhuselekile nakwindalo esingqongileyo. Kodwa kutheni sisithi njalo?
Intsimbi Ingasetyenziswa Kakhulu
Yinyani engaziwayo ukuba intsimbi yeyona nto iphinda isetyenziswe emhlabeni. Ngo-2014,86%intsimbi yaphinda yasetyenziswa, nto leyo ethe yadlula inani lephepha, i-aluminium, iplastiki kunye neglasi. Oku kunokuvakala kungakholeleki, kodwa xa ucinga ngezinto ezithile malunga nentsimbi ngexesha langempela, kuyavakala ngokwenene:
Ngokwezibalo ze-Ellen MacArthur Foundation, yi-14% kuphela yeplastiki ehlabathini ephinda isetyenziswe. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, izinga lokubuyiswa kwephepha kwihlabathi liphela yi-58%, kwaye izinga lokubuyiswa kwentsimbi yi-70% ukuya kwi-90%. Ngokucacileyo, izinga lokubuyiswa kwentsimbi lelona liphezulu.
Kutheni intsimbi iba yeyona nto inezinga eliphezulu lokuchacha? Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili:
1. Uzibuthe lwentsimbi
Intsimbi yeyona nto isetyenziswa lula kakhulu emhlabeni, ngenxa yemagnetism yayo. Imagnetism yenza kube lula ukuba i-crusher yahlule intsimbi elahliweyo, ukuze amashishini okuqhaqha iimoto akwazi ukufumana inzuzo, kuba imakethi yokujikeleza intsimbi elahliweyo ivuthiwe kakhulu.
2. Intsimbi ineempawu ezimangalisayo zesinyithi
Enye yezona nzuzo zibalaseleyo zentsimbi njengezinto kukuba ayizukubola xa isetyenziswa kwakhona. Oku kuthetha ukuba intsimbi esetyenziswa nangayiphi na indlela inokunyibilikiswa kwaye isetyenziswe ukusuka kwenye imveliso ukuya kwenye ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kukusebenza kwayo.
3. Izixhobo ezininzi ezilahliweyo
Kukho imithombo emininzi yentsimbi elahliweyo, eyahlulwe yangamacandelo amathathu ngokweshishini:
Inkunkuma yasekhaya - Le yintsimbi efunyenwe kwinkqubo eyenzeka ngaphakathi kumzi-mveliso. Le yinkqubo eyamkelwa zizo zonke izityalo zentsimbi, kuba zonke izinto ezilahliweyo ziphinda zisetyenziswe ngandlela thile.
Izinto ezilahliweyo zasefektri - izinto ezigqithisileyo ezikhutshwa kwiiodolo zentsimbi enkulu zize zibuyiselwe efektri ukuze ziphinde zisetyenziswe. Inkunkuma engasetyenziswanga ngoko nangoko iyanyibilikiswa ngoko nangoko ize yenziwe iimveliso ezintsha.
Inkunkuma ephelelwe lixesha - oku kunokuvela kwiimveliso ezindala, kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma, okanye nasekusetyenzisweni kwakhona kwezixhobo zomkhosi eziphelelwe lixesha. Iipali ezine zentsimbi zinokwenziwa ngezinto zemoto elahliweyo.
4. Intsimbi esetyenzisiweyo ineengenelo zokusingqongileyo
Intsimbi ephinda isetyenziswe ineengenelo zokusingqongileyo. Itoni nganye yentsimbi esetyenzisiweyo yokwenza intsimbi inokunciphisa iitoni eziyi-1.5 zekhabhoni diokside, iitoni ezili-14 zesinyithi kunye ne-740 kg yamalahle. Okwangoku, sifumana malunga neetoni ezingama-630 ezigidi zentsimbi echithwe minyaka le, kwaye sinokunciphisa phantse iitoni ezingama-945 ezigidi zekhabhoni diokside minyaka le, ngaphezulu kwama-85%. Xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yendabuko yokusebenzisa i-iron ore kunye namalahle njengezinto eziluhlaza, ukuveliswa kweemveliso zentsimbi ezivela kwinkunkuma kudla kuphela malunga nesithathu samandla. Inkunkuma ikwayinto ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuguqula i-blast furnace yendabuko. Ukongeza inkunkuma kunokufunxa amandla agqithisileyo kwinkqubo yokwenza intsimbi yokuguqula kwaye kulawule ubushushu bokusabela kwi-furnace.
Intsimbi yenye yezona zinto zokuqala ezisetyenzisiweyo zoshishino
Inkqubo eqhelekileyo yaso nasiphi na isityalo sentsimbi kukufumana kwakhona inkunkuma evela kwimveliso yezixhobo zentsimbi. Abavelisi sele befunda ukuba intsimbi ayizukulahlekelwa ngamandla xa inyibilikiswa kwaye isetyenziselwa ezinye iinjongo. Kwanokungcola okufana nopende kunye nokugqwala akuyi kuchaphazela amandla entsimbi. Ngowama-2020, ishishini lentsimbi liya kuphinda lifumane intsimbi eyaneleyo kwiimoto ezisetyenzisiweyo zodwa ukuvelisa iimoto ezintsha ezili-16 lezigidi. Nangona ezimbini kwitoni ezintathu zentsimbi entsha ziveliswa kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, kusafuneka ukongeza iintsimbi eziphambili kule nkqubo. Isizathu kukuba izithuthi ezininzi zentsimbi kunye nezakhiwo zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zinobomi obude benkonzo, ngelixa imfuno yehlabathi yentsimbi iqhubeka ikhula.
Kwixesha elizayo, kufuneka siphucule ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwezinto ngokuphucula uyilo lwemveliso, inkqubo yokuvelisa, ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kweemveliso ngabathengi, kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezinto. Ngokuthatha la manyathelo, sinokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo loluntu.
Yuantai Derun Umbhobho wentsimbiIqela liyazingca ngokuba senza indima yethu ekwenzeni ihlabathi lethu licoceke. Sibeka phambili izinto ezilula ukuzisebenzisa kwakhona. Xa sisebenza kwiprojekthi, sibeka phambili izinto ezisetyenziswa kwakhona nezingasetyenziswa kwakhona.
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Ixesha lokuthumela: Feb-07-2023
