1. Tsarin Kimanta Gine-gine Masu Kore na Ƙasashen Waje
A ƙasashen waje, tsarin tantance gine-gine masu kyau na wakilci galibi sun haɗa da tsarin kimantawa na BREEAM a Burtaniya, tsarin kimantawa na LEED a Amurka, da kuma tsarin kimantawa na CASBEE a Japan.
(1) Tsarin Kimanta BREEM a Burtaniya
Manufar tsarin kimantawa na BREEAM ita ce rage tasirin muhalli na gine-gine, da kuma tabbatar da lada ga mafi kyawun masu aiki a cikin ƙira, gini, da matakan kulawa ta hanyar saita matakan maki. Don sauƙin fahimta da karɓuwa, BREEAM ta ɗauki tsarin kimantawa mai haske, buɗewa, da sauƙi. Duk "ƙa'idodin kimantawa" an rarraba su zuwa nau'ikan ayyukan muhalli daban-daban, wanda hakan ke sauƙaƙa ƙara ko cire sassan kimantawa yayin gyara BREEAM bisa ga canje-canje masu amfani. Idan ginin da aka kimanta ya cika ko ya cika buƙatun wani ma'aunin kimantawa, zai sami takamaiman maki, kuma duk maki za a tara su don samun maki na ƙarshe. BREEAM zai ba da matakai biyar na kimantawa bisa ga maki na ƙarshe da ginin ya samu, wato "wuce", "mai kyau", "kyakkyawan", "fice", da "Fice Standing". A ƙarshe, BREEAM zai ba ginin da aka kimanta "cancantar kimantawa" ta hukuma
(2) Tsarin kimantawa na LEED a Amurka
Domin cimma burin fayyace da auna matakin "kore" na gine-gine masu dorewa ta hanyar ƙirƙira da aiwatar da ƙa'idodi, kayan aiki, da ƙa'idodin kimanta aikin gini da aka amince da su sosai, Ƙungiyar Gine-gine ta Amurka (USGBC) ta fara rubuta Makamashi da Tsarin Muhalli a shekarar 1995. Dangane da tsarin kimantawa na BREEAM a Burtaniya da kuma ma'aunin kimantawa na BEPAC don gina aikin muhalli a Kanada, an kafa tsarin kimantawa na LEED.
1. Abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin kimantawa na LEED
A farkon kafa ta, LEED ta mayar da hankali ne kawai kan sabbin gine-gine da ayyukan gyaran gine-gine (LEED-NC). Tare da ci gaba da inganta tsarin, a hankali ya rikide zuwa shida masu alaƙa amma tare da fifita matakan kimantawa daban-daban.
2. Halayen tsarin kimantawa na LEED
LEED tsarin kimanta gine-gine ne mai zaman kansa, wanda aka yi shi bisa yarjejeniya, kuma wanda kasuwa ke jagoranta. Tsarin kimantawa, ka'idodin tanadin makamashi da kare muhalli da aka gabatar, da kuma matakan da suka shafi hakan sun dogara ne akan aikace-aikacen fasaha na zamani a kasuwar yanzu, yayin da kuma suke ƙoƙarin cimma daidaito mai kyau tsakanin dogaro da ayyukan gargajiya da kuma haɓaka ra'ayoyi masu tasowa.
TianjinYuantai DerunKamfanin Steel Pipe Manufacturing Group Co., Ltd. yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan kamfanoni a China waɗanda ke da takardar shaidar LEED. Bututun ƙarfe na tsarin da aka samar, ciki har dabututun murabba'i, bututun murabba'i mai kusurwa huɗu, bututun madauwari, kumabututun ƙarfe marasa tsari, duk sun cika ƙa'idodi masu dacewa don gine-gine masu kore ko tsarin injiniya masu kore. Ga masu siyan aiki da injiniya, yana da matukar muhimmanci a sayi bututun ƙarfe waɗanda suka cika ƙa'idodi masu dacewa don gine-ginen kore, Yana ƙayyade aikin kore da muhalli kai tsaye na aikin ku. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi game da aikin bututun ƙarfe mai kore, don Allahtuntuɓi manajan abokin cinikinmu nan da nan
(3) Tsarin Kimantawa na CASBEE a Japan
Tsarin kimantawa mai cikakken tsari na CaseBee (Cikakken Tsarin Kimantawa don Gina Ingantaccen Muhalli) mai cikakken tsari na kimanta aikin muhalli a Japan yana kimanta gine-gine masu amfani da ma'auni daban-daban bisa ga ma'anar "ingancin muhalli". Yana ƙoƙarin tantance ingancin gine-gine wajen rage nauyin muhalli ta hanyar matakan da ke ƙarƙashin ƙarancin aikin muhalli.
Yana raba tsarin kimantawa zuwa Q (aikin gini na muhalli, inganci) da LR (rage nauyin muhallin gini). Ayyukan da ingancin muhallin gini sun haɗa da:
Q1- muhallin cikin gida;
Q2- Aikin sabis;
Q3- Muhalli a waje.
Nauyin muhallin gini ya haɗa da:
LR1- Makamashi;
LR2- Albarkatu, Kayan Aiki;
LR3- Yanayin waje na ginin ƙasa. Kowane aiki ya ƙunshi ƙananan abubuwa da yawa.
CaseBee ta yi amfani da tsarin kimantawa mai maki 5. Ana kimanta mafi ƙarancin buƙata a matsayin 1; Isa matsakaicin matakin ana kimanta shi a matsayin 3.
Maki na ƙarshe na Q ko LR na aikin da ke shiga shine jimlar makin kowane ƙaramin abu da aka ninka ta hanyar ma'aunin nauyin da ya dace, wanda ke haifar da SQ da SLR. Ana nuna sakamakon maki a cikin teburin rarrabawa, sannan ana iya ƙididdige ingancin aikin muhalli na ginin, wato ƙimar Bee,.
Ana iya gabatar da ƙananan maki na Q da LR a cikin CaseBee a cikin nau'in jadawalin sanduna, yayin da ƙimar Bee za a iya bayyana ta a cikin tsarin daidaitawa na binary tare da gina aikin muhalli, inganci, da nauyin gini a matsayin gatari na x da y, kuma ana iya kimanta dorewar ginin bisa ga wurin da yake.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuli-11-2023
