Earthquake resistant buildings - enlightenment from Türkiye Syria earthquake
According to the latest news from many media, the earthquake in Türkiye has killed more than 7700 people in Turkey and Syria. High-rise buildings, hospitals, schools and roads in many places were seriously damaged. Countries have sent out assistance in succession. China is also actively sending aid teams to the scene.
Architecture is an inherent carrier closely related to human life. The main causes of casualties in earthquakes are the destruction, collapse and surface damage of buildings and structures.
Buildings damaged by earthquake
The earthquake caused the destruction and collapse of buildings and various engineering facilities, and caused huge losses to the lives and properties of the country and people that could not be counted. The seismic performance of buildings is directly related to the safety of people's lives and property.
The trauma caused by earthquakes is devastating. There are many examples of serious damage to buildings caused by earthquakes in history——
"Almost 100% of the 9-storey building with prefabricated slab reinforced concrete frame structure in Lenin Nakan collapsed."
——The 1988 Armenian earthquake of magnitude 7.0
"The earthquake caused 90000 houses and 4000 commercial buildings to collapse, and 69000 houses were damaged to varying degrees“
——1990 Iran earthquake with magnitude 7.7
"More than 20000 buildings in the whole earthquake area were damaged, including hospitals, schools and office buildings"
——1992 Türkiye M6.8 earthquake
"In this earthquake, 18000 buildings were damaged and 12000 houses were completely destroyed."
——1995 Kobe earthquake with magnitude 7.2 in Hyogo, Japan
"In the Lavalakot region of Pakistan-controlled Kashmir, many adobe houses collapsed in the earthquake, and several villages were completely flattened."
——Pakistan earthquake with magnitude 7.8 in 2005
What are the famous earthquake-resistant buildings in the world?Can our earthquake-resistant buildings be popularized in the future?
1. Istanbul Ataturk Airport
Key words: # Triple friction pendulum isolation#
>>>Building description:
LEED Gold Certified Building, the largest LEED certified building in the world。This 2 million square foot building has been carefully designed and can be put into full use immediately after the disaster. It uses a triple friction pendulum vibration isolator to help the building not collapse in the event of an earthquake.
2.Utah State Capitol
Key words: # rubber isolation bearing#
>>>Building description:
Utah State Capitol is vulnerable to earthquakes, and installed its own base isolation system, which was completed in 2007.
The foundation isolation system involves that the building is placed on a network of 280 isolators made of laminated rubber on the building foundation. These lead rubber bearings are attached to the building and its foundation with the help of steel plates.
In the event of an earthquake, these isolator bearings are vertical rather than horizontal, allowing the building to shake back and forth slightly, thus moving the foundation of the building, but not moving the foundation of the building.
3. Taipei International Financial Center (101 Building)
Key words: # tuned mass damper#
>>>Building description:
Taipei 101 building, also known as Taipei 101 and Taipei Finance Building, is located in Xinyi District, Taiwan, China City, Taiwan Province, China.
The foundation pile of Taipei 101 building is composed of 382 reinforced concrete, and the periphery is composed of 8 reinforced columns. Tuned mass dampers are set in the building.
When an earthquake occurs, the mass damper acts as a pendulum to move in the opposite direction of the swinging building, thus dissipating energy and vibration effects caused by earthquakes and typhoons.
Other famous aseismic buildings
Japan Seismic Tower, China Yingxian Wooden Tower
Khalifa, Dubai, Citi Center
4.Citigroup Center
Among all the buildings, "Citigroup Headquarters" takes the lead in using the system to increase the stability of the building - "tuned mass damper".
5.USA: Ball Building
The United States has built a kind of shockproof "ball building", such as an electronic factory building recently built in Silicon Valley. Stainless steel balls are installed under each column or wall of the building, and the whole building is supported by the balls. The crisscross steel beams tightly fix the building and the foundation. When an earthquake occurs, the elastic steel beams will automatically expand and contract, so the building will slightly slide back and forth on the ball, It can greatly reduce the destructive force of the earthquake.
7.Japan: high-rise anti-seismic building
An apartment built by Daikyo Corp, which claims to be the tallest in Japan, uses 168 steel pipes, the same as those used in New York's World Trade Center, to ensure seismic strength. In addition, the apartment also uses rigid structure earthquake-resistant body. In an earthquake of the magnitude of the Hanshin earthquake, a flexible structure typically shakes about 1 meter, while a rigid structure shakes only 30 centimeters. Mitsui Fudosan is selling a 93-meter-tall, earthquake-proof apartment in the Sugimoto district of Tokyo. The perimeter of the building is made of newly developed high-strength 16-layer rubber, and the central part of the building is made of laminated rubber from natural rubber systems. In this way, in the event of a magnitude 6 earthquake, the force on the building can be reduced by half. Mitsui Fudosan put 40 such buildings on the market in 2000.
8.Elastic building
Japan, an earthquake-prone area, also has special experience in this area. They have designed a "elastic building" with good seismic performance. Japan has built 12 flexible buildings in Tokyo. Tested by the magnitude 6.6 earthquake in Tokyo, it has proved to be effective in reducing earthquake disasters. This kind of elastic building is built on the isolation body, which is composed of laminated rubber rigid steel plate group and damper. The building structure does not directly contact with the ground. The damper is composed of spiral steel plates to reduce the ups and downs.
9.Floating anti-seismic residence
This huge "football" is actually a house called Barier made by Kimidori House in Japan. It can resist earthquakes and float on the water. The price of this special house is about 1390000 yen (about 100000 yuan).
10.Cheap "earthquake resistant housing"
A Japanese company has developed a cheap "earthquake resistant house", which is all made of wood, with a minimum area of 2 square meters and a cost of 2000 dollars. It can stand up when the main house collapses, and can also withstand the impact and extrusion of the collapsed structure, and well protect the lives and property of the residents in the house.
11.Yingxian Wood Tower
A large number of other technical measures are also used in ancient Chinese traditional buildings, which are the key to the earthquake resistance of ancient buildings. The mortise and tenon joint is a very ingenious invention. Our ancestors began to use it as early as 7000 years ago. This kind of component connection method without nails makes the traditional wooden structure of China become a special flexible structure that surpasses the bent, frame or rigid frame of contemporary buildings. It can not only bear a large load, but also allow a certain degree of deformation, and absorb a certain amount of energy through deformation under earthquake load, Reduce the seismic response of buildings
Summarise enlightenment
Pay attention to the choice of venue
Buildings cannot be built on active faults, soft sediments and artificial backfilled ground.
It shall be designed according to seismic fortification requirements
Engineering structures that do not meet the requirements for seismic fortification will be seriously damaged under the action of seismic loads (forces).
Seismic design should be reasonable
When the building is designed, too few partition walls at the bottom, too large space, or the multi-storey brick building does not add ring beams and structural columns as required, or does not design according to the limited height, etc., will cause the building to tilt and collapse in a strong earthquake.
Reject "bean curd residue project"
The buildings shall be built according to the seismic fortification standards and constructed in strict accordance with the standards.
The editor finally said
With the progress of the times and the development of civilization, natural disasters can also promote the innovation of construction technology. Although some buildings seem to make people laugh, in fact, all kinds of buildings have their own unique design concepts. When we feel the safety brought by buildings, we should also respect the ideas of architectural designers.
Yuantai Derun Steel Pipe Manufacturing Group is willing to work with designers and engineers from all over the world to build aseismic building projects and strive to become an all-round manufacturer of structural steel pipes.
E-mail: sales@ytdrgg.com
WhatsApp：8613682051821
Post time: Feb-08-2023
