Iriburiro:
Ibidukikije, Ubuzima n’inyungu zubukungu - Icyemezo cya LEED ni iki?Kuki ari ngombwa mubwubatsi bugezweho?
Muri iki gihe, ibintu byinshi kandi byinshi byangiza ibidukikije mubuzima bwacu bwa none.Sisitemu y'ibikorwa remezo bidashoboka, imyanda ya plastike hamwe no kongera imyuka ya karubone byose ni byo nyirabayazana w'iki kibazo.Vuba aha ariko, abantu babonye ko ari ngombwa kurengera ibidukikije.Mu rwego rwo gushyira ingufu, guverinoma zirimo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere biva mu nganda zubaka.Kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya bishobora kugerwaho mugura ibicuruzwa birambye no gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bwubaka burambye.
Hamwe nogukenera inyubako zirambye, icyemezo cya LEED kizana inganda zubaka intambwe imwe yo kugera kuburambe.
- Icyemezo cya LEED ni iki?
LEED (Ubuyobozi mu Ingufu no Gushushanya Ibidukikije) ni gahunda yo gusuzuma inyubako yicyatsi.Ikigamijwe ni ukugabanya neza ingaruka mbi kubidukikije ndetse nabenegihugu mubishushanyo.Ikigamijwe ni uguhuza imyumvire yuzuye kandi yuzuye yinyubako zicyatsi no gukumira icyatsi kibisi.LEED yashinzwe n’inama y’Amerika ishinzwe kubaka icyatsi kandi itangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu 2000. Yashyizwe ku rutonde nk’itegeko ryemewe n'amategeko mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe byo muri Amerika.
LEED ihagarariye ubuyobozi mu mbaraga no gushushanya ibidukikije.UwitekaAmerika ishinzwe kubaka icyatsi (USGBC)yateguye icyemezo cya LEED.Yashizeho LEED kugirango ifashe kurema inyubako nziza zicyatsi.Kubwibyo, LEED itanga inyubako zangiza ibidukikije.Iki cyemezo gisuzuma igishushanyo mbonera n’inyubako zishingiye ku bintu bitandukanye.
USGBC itanga ibyiciro bine byemeza LEED inyubako zitabira gahunda.Umubare w'amanota inyubako yakira agena urwego rwabo.Izi nzego ni:
- LEED inyubako zemewe (amanota 40-49)
- LEED Inyubako ya silver (amanota 50-59)
- LEED Inyubako ya Zahabu (amanota 60-79)
- LEED Inyubako ya platine (amanota 80 no hejuru)
Nk’uko byatangajwe na Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika zishinzwe kubaka ibyatsi, icyemezo cya LEED ni ikimenyetso cyemewe ku isi hose cyo kugera ku iterambere rirambye.
Agaciro k'icyemezo cya LEED mububiko bugezweho
None, ni izihe nyungu zo kwemeza LEED?Igice kinini cyabatuye isi babaho, bakora nubushakashatsi mumazu yemewe ya LEED.Impamvu zituma icyemezo cya LEED ari ingenzi mubwubatsi bugezweho harimo:
inyungu ku bidukikije
Kurugero, muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika, inyubako zifite igice kinini cyingufu zigihugu, amazi n’amashanyarazi.Irabaze kandi igice kinini cyuka cya CO2 (hafi 40%).Ariko, umushinga wa LEED ufasha inyubako nshya kandi zihari gufata inzira irambye.Kimwe mu byiza byo kubaka icyatsi binyuze muri LEED ni ukubika amazi.
LEED ishishikariza gukoresha amazi make no gucunga amazi yimvura.Irashishikariza kandi gukoresha ubundi buryo bw'amazi.Muri ubu buryo, kuzigama amazi yinyubako za LEED biziyongera.Inyubako zitanga hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ku isi.Inkomoko ya karubone mu nyubako zirimo ingufu zo kuvoma no gutunganya amazi.Andi masoko ni gutunganya imyanda hamwe n’ibicanwa biva mu gushyushya no gukonjesha.
LEED ifasha kugabanya imyuka ya CO 2 ihemba net zero zangiza.Ihemba kandi imishinga ibyara ingufu nziza.Inyubako zemewe na LEED nazo zitanga ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.Ibyo byuka bihumanya biva mumazi, imyanda ikomeye no gutwara.Iyindi nyungu yibidukikije yicyemezo cya LEED nuko ishishikariza kugabanya gukoresha ingufu.
Inganda zubaka zitanga toni miriyoni yimyanda buri mwaka.LEED ishishikariza kohereza imyanda iva mu myanda.Ihemba kandi imicungire y’imyubakire irambye kandi ishishikariza ubukungu rusange.Babona amanota mugihe umushinga utunganya, wongeye gukoresha ibikoresho.Babona kandi amanota iyo bakoresheje ibikoresho birambye.
Inyungu zubuzima
Ubuzima nicyo kintu cyingenzi gihangayikishije abantu benshi.Gukoresha LEED sisitemu yo kubaka inyubako zicyatsi bizafasha abantu kubaho no gukorera mubuzima bwiza.Inyubako za LEED zibanda kubuzima bwimbere no hanze.
Abantu bamara hafi 90% umwanya wabo murugo.Nyamara, ubwinshi bwimyanda ihumanya munda irashobora kuba inshuro ebyiri kugeza kuri eshanu zanduye hanze.Ingaruka zubuzima bwimyanda iboneka mumyuka yo murugo ni umutwe.Izindi ngaruka ni umunaniro, indwara z'umutima n'indwara z'ubuhumekero.
LEED itezimbere ikirere cyimbere binyuze muri sisitemu yo kugenzura.Inzu yemewe ya LEED yagenewe gutanga umwuka mwiza kandi mwiza murugo.LEED ishishikariza kandi iterambere ryimyanya yakira amanywa.Iyi myanya kandi ntabwo irimo imiti itera uburakari isanzwe iboneka mu irangi.
Mu nyubako y'ibiro, ibidukikije byiza byo mu nzu birashobora guteza imbere abakozi.Ibidukikije nkibi bifite umwuka mwiza nizuba rihagije.Bimwe mubyiza byinyubako zemewe na LEED zirimo akazi kenshi nigipimo cyo kugumana.Ahantu heza, abakozi bakora neza nabo.
Inyubako zemewe za LEED zirashobora kuzamura ikirere cyo hanze, cyane cyane mubice byateye imbere cyane.Kubwibyo, LEED ni ngombwa mu kugabanya umwotsi.Ni ngombwa kandi gutuma umwuka wabaturage muri rusange ugira ubuzima bwiza.
imikorere y'ubukungu
LEED irashobora gufasha kuzigama ibiciro.Gukoresha amatara ya LED birashobora kugabanya cyane ibiciro byingufu.Kimwe nukuri hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane bwo gushyushya no gukonjesha.LEED ishishikariza gukoresha ubwo buryo bwo kuzigama ingufu no kuzigama amafaranga.
Inyubako za LEED nazo zifite amafaranga make yo kubungabunga.Nukuvuga, ugereranije ninyubako zisanzwe zubucuruzi.Igiciro cyo gukora inyubako zicyatsi nacyo kiri hasi.
Inyubako zemewe na LEED nazo zishimira imisoro nogushigikira.Inzego nyinshi z'ibanze zitanga izo nyungu.Izi nyungu zirimo inguzanyo zumusoro, kugabanyirizwa amafaranga ninkunga.Inyubako irashobora kandi kwishimira ibyangombwa byubwubatsi byihutirwa no kugabanyirizwa amafaranga.
Ahantu hamwe hakorwa ubugenzuzi bwingufu.Icyemezo cya LEED cyemerera inyubako gusonerwa ubugenzuzi, bityo kuzigama amafaranga yumushinga.Inyubako za LEED nazo zongerera agaciro umutungo.Byongeye kandi, izi nyubako zikurura abapangayi.Ikibanza cyimyubakire yicyatsi kiri munsi yicy'inyubako zitari icyatsi.
Icyemezo cya LEED nacyo gitanga inyungu zo guhatanira.Vuba aha, abakiriya barushijeho kwita kubidukikije.Abantu benshi bafite ubushake bwo kwishyura ibicuruzwa na serivisi byamasosiyete nayo yita kubidukikije.Abakiriya benshi bivuze kwinjiza byinshi.
incamake
LEED ni umwe mu mishinga mpuzamahanga yambere igamije iterambere rirambye mugushushanya no kubaka.Icyemezo cya LEED cyerekana ikoreshwa ryuburyo bwubaka buteza imbere ubukungu bwizunguruka kandi butangiza ibidukikije.Kubona ibyemezo birashobora kuzamura izina rya ba rwiyemezamirimo na ba nyirayo.
Hamwe no gukenera gukenera kuramba, icyemezo cya LEED cyabaye ingenzi.Ifasha inganda zubaka kandi ifungura inzira ya sisitemu yimyitwarire yubwubatsi burambye.Muri rusange, LEED yiyemeje guharanira ko isi iramba kandi ikagira ubuzima bwiza.
Nibyo, usibye LEED, sisitemu yo gusuzuma inyubako yisi yose nayo ikubiyemo:Isuzumabumenyi ry’icyatsi mu BushinwaBisanzwe GB50378-2014 ,.Isuzuma ryicyatsi kibisi cyabongerezaSisitemu (BREE-AM) ,.Sisitemu Yapani Yubaka Sisitemu Yisuzuma Yibidukikije(CASBEE), naSisitemu yo gusuzuma ibyatsi byubufaransa(HQE).Byongeye, harihoAmabwiriza yo kubaka ibidukikije mu Budages LN B,Isuzuma ryubaka ibidukikije muri Australiyaumubiri N ABERS, naIsuzuma ryibikoresho bya GB byo muri KanadaSisitemu.
Itsinda ry’inganda zikora imiyoboro ya Tianjin Yuantai Derun, nkumwe mu bakora inganda nini zingana n’urukiramende mu Bushinwa babonye ibyemezo bya LEED mu ntangiriro, bagurisha cyane cyane ibicuruzwa bikurikira:
Yuantai Umuyoboro munini wa Diameter Umuyoboro
Yuantai umuyoboro udasanzwe
Yuantai iciriritse cyurukuta rwurukiramende
Yuantai umuyoboro wuzuye urukiramende
Yuantai Ikirango cyanditseho icyuma cyuzuye
Yuantai kuzenguruka umuyoboro w'icyuma
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-04-2023
