Intshayelelo:
Iingenelo zeNdalo, zeMpilo nezoQoqosho - Yintoni kanye kanye iSatifikethi se-LEED? Kutheni sibalulekile kuyilo lwezakhiwo lwanamhlanje?
Kule mihla, izinto ezininzi zibeka ubomi bendalo esingqongileyo esichengeni kubomi bethu bentlalo banamhlanje. Iinkqubo zeziseko zophuhliso ezingazinzisiyo, inkunkuma yeplastiki kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni okwandileyo zonke zinoxanduva lwale meko. Nangona kunjalo, kutshanje, abantu baye baqonda imfuneko yokukhusela okusingqongileyo ekonakaleni. Njengenxalenye yale mizamo, oorhulumente basebenza ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwishishini lokwakha. Ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunokufezekiswa ngokuthenga iimveliso ezizinzileyo kunye nokusebenzisa iindlela zokwakha ezizinzileyo.
Ngenxa yokwanda kwemfuno yezakhiwo ezizinzileyo, isiqinisekiso se-LEED sisondeza ishishini lokwakha ekufezekiseni uzinzo.
- Yintoni isiqinisekiso se-LEED?
I-LEED (UbuNkokheli kwiZamandla kunye noYilo lweNdalo) yinkqubo yovavanyo lwezakhiwo eziluhlaza. Injongo kukunciphisa ngempumelelo impembelelo embi kwindalo esingqongileyo nakubemi kuyilo. Injongo kukumisela ingcamango epheleleyo nechanekileyo yezakhiwo eziluhlaza kunye nokuthintela ukuluhlaza okugqithisileyo kwezakhiwo. I-LEED yasekwa yiBhunga leZakhiwo eziLuhlaza lase-United States kwaye yaqala ukuphunyezwa ngo-2000. Idweliswe njengomgangatho oyimfuneko osemthethweni kwamanye amazwe nakwamanye amazwe e-United States.
I-LEED imele ubunkokeli kuyilo lwamandla kunye nokusingqongileyo.IBhunga leZakhiwo eziLuhlaza lase-United States (i-USGBC)iphuhlise isiqinisekiso se-LEED. Yadala i-LEED ukunceda ekudaleni izakhiwo eziluhlaza ezisebenzayo ngakumbi. Ke ngoko, i-LEED iqinisekisa izakhiwo ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Esi siqinisekiso sivavanya uyilo kunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezahlukeneyo.
I-USGBC inika amanqanaba amane esiqinisekiso se-LEED kwizakhiwo ezithatha inxaxheba kule nkqubo. Inani lamanqaku afunyanwa zizakhiwo limisela umgangatho wazo. La manqanaba ngala:
- Izakhiwo eziqinisekisiweyo ze-LEED (amanqaku angama-40-49)
- Isakhiwo seSilivere se-LEED (amanqaku angama-50-59)
- Isakhiwo seGolide seLEED (amanqaku angama-60-79)
- Isakhiwo sePlatinum seLEED (amanqaku angama-80 nangaphezulu)
Ngokutsho kweBhunga leZakhiwo eziLuhlaza lase-United States, isiqinisekiso se-LEED luphawu oluqatshelwayo kwihlabathi liphela lokufezekisa uzinzo.
Ixabiso lesatifikethi se-LEED kuyilo lwezakhiwo zanamhlanje
Ngoko ke, zithini iingenelo zesatifikethi se-LEED? Inxalenye enkulu yabemi behlabathi ihlala, isebenza kwaye ifunda kwizakhiwo eziqinisekisiweyo ze-LEED. Izizathu zokuba isatifikethi se-LEED sibalulekile kuyilo lwezakhiwo lwanamhlanje ziquka:
inzuzo yokusingqongileyo
Umzekelo, eMelika, izakhiwo ziyinxalenye enkulu yokusetyenziswa kwamandla, amanzi kunye nombane kwesizwe. Ikwabandakanya inxalenye enkulu yokukhutshwa kwe-CO2 (malunga nama-40%). Nangona kunjalo, iprojekthi ye-LEED inceda izakhiwo ezintsha nezikhoyo ukuba zisebenzise indlela ezinzileyo. Enye yeenzuzo zokwakha eziluhlaza nge-LEED kukonga amanzi.
I-LEED ikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi amancinci kunye nolawulo lwamanzi emvula. Ikwakhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamanzi eyahlukileyo. Ngale ndlela, ukonga amanzi kwezakhiwo ze-LEED kuya kwanda. Izakhiwo zivelisa phantse isiqingatha sokukhutshwa kwe-CO2 kwihlabathi liphela. Imithombo yekhabhoni kwizakhiwo ibandakanya amandla okupompa nokunyanga amanzi. Eminye imithombo kunyango lwenkunkuma kunye namafutha efosili okufudumeza nokuphola.
I-LEED inceda ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 ngokunika umvuzo kwiiprojekthi ze-net zero emission. Ikwanika umvuzo kwiiprojekthi ezivelisa imbuyekezo yamandla amahle. Izakhiwo eziqinisekisiweyo ze-LEED zikwavelisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi encinci egcina ubushushu. Olu kukhutshwa kwegesi ludla ngokuvela emanzini, kwinkunkuma eqinileyo nakwizithuthi. Enye inzuzo yokusingqongileyo yesatifikethi se-LEED kukuba ikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuncitshisiweyo.
Ishishini lokwakha livelisa izigidi zeetoni zenkunkuma minyaka le. I-LEED ikhuthaza ukuhanjiswa kwenkunkuma kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma. Ikwavuza ulawulo lwenkunkuma yokwakha oluzinzileyo kwaye ikhuthaza uqoqosho olujikelezayo ngokubanzi. Bafumana amanqaku xa iprojekthi iphinda isebenzise, iphinda isebenzise kwaye iphinda isebenzise izixhobo. Bafumana amanqaku xa besebenzisa izixhobo ezizinzileyo.
Iingenelo zempilo
Impilo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kubantu abaninzi. Ukusebenzisa inkqubo yokulinganisa i-LEED ukwakha izakhiwo eziluhlaza kuya kunceda abantu bahlale kwaye basebenze kwindawo enempilo. Izakhiwo ze-LEED zigxila kwimpilo yabantu yangaphakathi nangaphandle.
Abantu bachitha malunga ne-90% yexesha labo ngaphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, ubuninzi bezinto ezingcolisayo zangaphakathi bunokuba kabini ukuya kahlanu kunobuninzi bezinto ezingcolisayo zangaphandle. Iziphumo zempilo zezinto ezingcolisayo ezifumaneka emoyeni wangaphakathi ziyintloko ebuhlungu. Ezinye iziphumo kukudinwa, isifo sentliziyo kunye nezifo zokuphefumla.
I-LEED iphucula umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi ngenkqubo yayo yokulinganisa. Iindawo zokuhlala eziqinisekisiweyo ze-LEED zenzelwe ukubonelela ngomoya ococekileyo nongcono wangaphakathi. I-LEED ikwakhuthaza uphuhliso lweendawo ezifumana ukukhanya kwelanga. Ezi ndawo azinazo iikhemikhali ezicaphukisayo ezihlala zikhona kwipeyinti.
Kwisakhiwo seofisi, imeko-bume esempilweni yangaphakathi inokuphucula ukubandakanyeka kwabasebenzi. Indawo enjalo inomoya ococekileyo kunye nokukhanya kwelanga okwaneleyo. Ezinye zeenzuzo zezakhiwo eziqinisekisiweyo ze-LEED ziquka amazinga aphezulu engqesho kunye nokugcinwa kwabasebenzi. Kwindawo enempilo enjalo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwabasebenzi nako kuphezulu.
Izakhiwo eziqinisekisiweyo yi-LEED zinokuphucula umgangatho womoya wangaphandle, ingakumbi kwiindawo eziphucukileyo kakhulu. Ke ngoko, i-LEED ibalulekile ekunciphiseni umsi. Kubalulekile nokwenza umoya wabemi ngokubanzi ube sempilweni.
ukusebenza koqoqosho
I-LEED inokunceda ukonga iindleko. Ukusetyenziswa kwezibane ze-LED kunokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zamandla. Kunjalo nangendlela zokufudumeza nezokupholisa ezonga amandla. I-LEED ikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezi ndlela zokonga amandla nezonga iindleko.
Izakhiwo ze-LEED nazo zineendleko eziphantsi zokulungisa. Oko kukuthi, xa kuthelekiswa nezakhiwo eziqhelekileyo zorhwebo. Iindleko zokusebenza kwezakhiwo eziluhlaza nazo ziphantsi.
Izakhiwo eziqinisekisiweyo ze-LEED nazo ziyaxhamla kwizibonelelo zerhafu kunye nezikhuthazo. Oorhulumente abaninzi basekuhlaleni babonelela ngezi zibonelelo. Ezi zibonelelo ziquka iikhredithi zerhafu, ukuncitshiswa kwemali kunye nezibonelelo. Isakhiwo sinokufumana neemvume zokwakha ezingxamisekileyo kunye nokukhululwa kwintlawulo.
Ezinye iindawo zenza uhlolo lwamandla. Isatifikethi se-LEED sivumela izakhiwo ukuba zingabandakanywa kuhlolo, ngaloo ndlela zigcina imali yeprojekthi. Izakhiwo ze-LEED nazo zongeza ixabiso kwipropathi. Ukongeza, ezi zakhiwo zitsala abaqashi. Izinga lezithuba zezindlu eziluhlaza liphantsi kunezo zezakhiwo eziluhlaza.
Isatifikethi se-LEED sikwabonelela ngenzuzo yokukhuphisana. Kutshanje, abathengi baye baqaphela ngakumbi indalo esingqongileyo. Uninzi lwabantu luzimisele ukuhlawula ngaphezulu iimpahla kunye neenkonzo zeenkampani ezikhathalele indalo esingqongileyo. Abathengi abaninzi bathetha ingeniso engaphezulu.
shwankathela
I-LEED yenye yeeprojekthi eziphambili zamazwe ngamazwe zophuhliso oluzinzileyo kuyilo lwezakhiwo nolwakhiwo. Isatifikethi se-LEED sibonisa ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zokwakha ezikhuthaza uqoqosho olujikelezayo kwaye zinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Ukufumana isatifikethi kunokuphucula udumo lwabakhi kunye nabanini.
Njengoko imfuno yozinzo isanda, isiqinisekiso se-LEED siye sabaluleka ngakumbi. Sinceda imboni yokwakha kwaye sivula indlela yenkqubo yokuziphatha yokwakha ezinzileyo. Ngokubanzi, i-LEED izimisele ukuqinisekisa ukuba ihlabathi lihlala lizinzile kwaye lisempilweni.
Kakade ke, ukongeza kwi-LEED, inkqubo yovavanyo lwezakhiwo eziluhlaza kwihlabathi liphela ikwabandakanya:Uvavanyo lweZakhiwo eziLuhlaza zaseTshayinaI-GB50378-2014 esemgangathweni,Uvavanyo lweZakhiwo eziLuhlaza zaseBritaneInkqubo (BREE-AM),Inkqubo yoVavanyo lweNkqubo yokuSebenza kweNdalo yeZakhiwo zaseJapan(CASBEE), kunyeInkqubo yoVavanyo lweZakhiwo eziLuhlaza zaseFransi(Indlu Enkulu). Ukongeza, kukhoIsikhokelo sokwakha indalo saseJamanis LN B,Uvavanyo lwendalo yezakhiwo zase-Australiaumzimba u-N ABERS, kunyeUvavanyo lweZixhobo zeGB zaseKhanadainkqubo.
I-Tianjin Yuantai Derun Steel Pipe Manufacturing Group, njengomnye wabavelisi abambalwa beepayipi ezisikwere nezingxande eTshayina abafumene isiqinisekiso se-LEED kwasekuqaleni, ikakhulu bathengisa ezi mveliso zilandelayo:
Umbhobho wentsimbi yesikwere weYuantai omkhulu
Umbhobho wentsimbi yesikwere ongenamthungo weYuantai
Umbhobho wentsimbi ongxande ophakathi weYuantai
Umbhobho wentsimbi oxande olubhityileyo olunezindonga ezibhityileyo zaseYuantai
Icandelo lentsimbi elinomgodi leYuantai Brand
Umbhobho wentsimbi yomthungo othe tye weYuantai
Ixesha lokuthumela: Jan-04-2023
