Isingeniso:
Izinzuzo Zemvelo, Ezempilo Nezomnotho - Siyini ngempela isitifiketi se-LEED? Kungani sibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zanamuhla?
Namuhla, izinto eziningi kakhulu zibeka imvelo engozini empilweni yethu yesimanje yezenhlalo. Izinhlelo zengqalasizinda ezingazinzile, imfucuza yepulasitiki kanye nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni okwandisiwe konke kuyimbangela yalesi simo. Nokho, muva nje, abantu baye baqaphela isidingo sokuvikela imvelo ekulimaleni. Njengengxenye yalo mzamo, ohulumeni basebenza ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni embonini yokwakha. Ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kungatholakala ngokuthenga imikhiqizo eqhubekayo nokusebenzisa izindlela zokwakha eziqhubekayo.
Njengoba isidingo sezakhiwo ezisimeme sikhula, isitifiketi se-LEED sisondeza imboni yokwakha isinyathelo esisodwa ekufinyeleleni ukusimama.
- Kuyini isitifiketi se-LEED?
I-LEED (Ubuholi Emkhakheni Wamandla Nokuklama Ezemvelo) uhlelo lokuhlola isakhiwo esiluhlaza. Inhloso ukunciphisa ngempumelelo umthelela omubi emvelweni nakubantu abahlala khona ekwakhiweni. Inhloso ukwenza umqondo ophelele nonembile wezakhiwo eziluhlaza ube luhlaza kakhulu futhi kuvinjelwe ukuluhlaza ngokweqile kwezakhiwo. I-LEED yasungulwa yi-United States Green Building Council futhi yaqala ukusetshenziswa ngo-2000. Ibhalwe njengendinganiso ephoqelekile ngokomthetho kwamanye amazwe nakwamanye amazwe ase-United States.
I-LEED imele ubuholi kwezamandla kanye nokuklama imvelo.UMkhandlu Wezakhiwo Eziluhlaza wase-United States (i-USGBC)isungule isitifiketi se-LEED. Yakha i-LEED ukusiza ekudaleni izakhiwo eziluhlaza ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-LEED iqinisekisa izakhiwo ezinobungani nemvelo. Lesi sitifiketi sihlola ukwakheka nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ngokusekelwe ezicini ezahlukahlukene.
I-USGBC inikeza amazinga amane esitifiketi se-LEED ezakhiweni ezihlanganyela kulolu hlelo. Inani lamaphuzu atholwa yizakhiwo linquma izinga lazo. Lawa mazinga yilawa:
- Izakhiwo eziqinisekiswe yi-LEED (amaphuzu angu-40-49)
- Isakhiwo Sesiliva se-LEED (amaphuzu angu-50-59)
- Isakhiwo seGolide se-LEED (amaphuzu angu-60-79)
- Isakhiwo sePlatinum se-LEED (amaphuzu angu-80 nangaphezulu)
Ngokusho kwe-United States Green Building Council, isitifiketi se-LEED siwuphawu oluqashelwa emhlabeni wonke lokufeza ukusimama.
Inani lesitifiketi se-LEED ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zanamuhla
Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinzuzo zesitifiketi se-LEED? Ingxenye enkulu yabantu emhlabeni ihlala, isebenza futhi ifunda ezakhiweni eziqinisekiswe yi-LEED. Izizathu ezenza isitifiketi se-LEED sibaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zanamuhla zifaka:
inzuzo yemvelo
Isibonelo, e-United States, izakhiwo ziyingxenye enkulu yokusetshenziswa kwamandla, amanzi kanye nogesi kwesizwe. Ziphinde zibe nengxenye enkulu yokukhishwa kwe-CO2 (cishe u-40%). Kodwa-ke, iphrojekthi ye-LEED isiza izakhiwo ezintsha nezikhona ukuthi zisebenzise indlela eqhubekayo. Enye yezinzuzo zokwakha okuluhlaza nge-LEED ukonga amanzi.
I-LEED ikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi amancane kanye nokuphathwa kwamanzi esiphepho. Iphinde ikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yamanzi ehlukile. Ngale ndlela, ukonga amanzi kwezakhiwo ze-LEED kuzokhula. Izakhiwo zikhiqiza cishe ingxenye yokukhishwa kwe-CO2 emhlabeni jikelele. Imithombo yekhabhoni ezakhiweni ifaka phakathi amandla okupompa nokuphatha amanzi. Eminye imithombo ukwelashwa kwemfucuza kanye namafutha emvelo okushisa nokupholisa.
I-LEED isiza ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ngokuvuza amaphrojekthi okukhipha ugesi angenayo i-net zero. Iphinde ivuze amaphrojekthi akhiqiza imbuyiselo yamandla enhle. Izakhiwo eziqinisekiswe yi-LEED nazo zikhiqiza ukukhishwa kwegesi okushisa okunciphisayo. Lokhu kukhishwa kwegesi kuvame ukuvela emanzini, imfucuza eqinile kanye nezokuthutha. Enye inzuzo yemvelo yesitifiketi se-LEED ukuthi ikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuncishisiwe.
Imboni yokwakha ikhiqiza izigidi zamathani emfucuza minyaka yonke. I-LEED ikhuthaza ukudluliswa kwemfucuza kusuka ezindaweni zokulahla udoti. Iphinde ivuze ukuphathwa kwemfucuza yokwakha okusimeme futhi ikhuthaze umnotho ojwayelekile ojikelezayo. Ithola amaphuzu lapho iphrojekthi iphinda isebenzise, iphinda isebenzise futhi iphinda isebenzise izinto. Ithola amaphuzu nalapho isebenzisa izinto ezisimeme.
Izinzuzo zezempilo
Impilo iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu kubantu abaningi. Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokulinganisa lwe-LEED ukwakha izakhiwo eziluhlaza kuzosiza abantu ukuthi bahlale futhi basebenze endaweni enempilo. Izakhiwo ze-LEED zigxila empilweni yabantu yangaphakathi nangaphandle.
Abantu bachitha cishe u-90% wesikhathi sabo ngaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, ukugcwala kokungcola kwangaphakathi kungaba kabili kuya kahlanu kunokungcola kwangaphandle. Imiphumela yezempilo yokungcola okutholakala emoyeni wangaphakathi iwubuhlungu bekhanda. Eminye imiphumela ukukhathala, izifo zenhliziyo kanye nezifo zokuphefumula.
I-LEED ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomoya wangaphakathi ngohlelo lwayo lokulinganisa. Izindlu zokuhlala eziqinisekiswe yi-LEED zenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngomoya wangaphakathi ohlanzekile nongcono. I-LEED ikhuthaza nokuthuthukiswa kwezindawo ezithola ukukhanya kwelanga. Lezi zindawo azinawo amakhemikhali acasulayo avame ukuba khona kupende.
Esakhiweni samahhovisi, indawo enempilo yangaphakathi ingathuthukisa ukuzibandakanya kwabasebenzi. Indawo enjalo inomoya ohlanzekile kanye nokukhanya kwelanga okwanele. Ezinye zezinzuzo zezakhiwo eziqinisekiswe yi-LEED zifaka phakathi amazinga aphezulu okuqashwa kanye nokugcinwa kwabasebenzi. Endaweni enempilo enjalo, ukusebenza kahle kwabasebenzi nakho kuphakeme.
Izakhiwo eziqinisekiswe yi-LEED zingathuthukisa ikhwalithi yomoya wangaphandle, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezithuthuke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-LEED ibalulekile ekunciphiseni intuthu. Kubalulekile futhi ukwenza umoya wabantu bonke ube nempilo.
ukusebenza kwezomnotho
I-LEED ingasiza ekongeni izindleko. Ukusetshenziswa kwezibani ze-LED kunganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zamandla. Kunjalo nangezindlela zokushisa nokupholisa ezisebenzisa amandla amaningi. I-LEED ikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zindlela zokonga amandla nokonga izindleko.
Izakhiwo ze-LEED nazo zinezindleko zokulungisa eziphansi. Okusho ukuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa nezakhiwo zezentengiselwano ezivamile. Izindleko zokusebenza zezakhiwo eziluhlaza nazo ziphansi.
Izakhiwo eziqinisekiswe yi-LEED nazo zijabulela izikhuthazo zentela kanye nezikhuthazo. Ohulumeni abaningi bendawo banikeza lezi zinzuzo. Lezi zinzuzo zifaka phakathi amakhredithi entela, ukuncishiswa kwemali kanye nezibonelelo. Isakhiwo singajabulela nezimvume zokwakha eziphuthumayo kanye nokukhululwa kwemali.
Ezinye izindawo zenza ukuhlolwa kwamandla. Isitifiketi se-LEED sivumela izakhiwo ukuthi zingafakwa ekuhlolweni, ngaleyo ndlela zonge imali yephrojekthi. Izakhiwo ze-LEED nazo zengeza inani kule ndawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zakhiwo ziheha abaqashi. Izinga lezikhala zezakhiwo eziluhlaza liphansi kunelezakhiwo ezingezona eziluhlaza.
Isitifiketi se-LEED sinikeza nethuba lokuncintisana. Muva nje, amakhasimende asebe nesithakazelo esikhulu emvelweni. Iningi labantu lizimisele ukukhokha okwengeziwe ngezimpahla nezinsizakalo zezinkampani ezikhathalela nemvelo. Amakhasimende amaningi asho imali engenayo eyengeziwe.
fingqa
I-LEED ingenye yamaphrojekthi aphezulu emhlabeni wonke okuthuthukiswa okusimeme ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo kanye nokwakhiwa kwazo. Isitifiketi se-LEED sibonisa ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokwakha ezikhuthaza umnotho ojikelezayo futhi ezinobungani nemvelo. Ukuthola isitifiketi kungathuthukisa idumela labakhi kanye nabanikazi.
Njengoba isidingo sokuzinza sikhula, isitifiketi se-LEED sesibaluleke kakhulu. Sizuzisa imboni yokwakha futhi sivula indlela yesimiso sokuziphatha sokwakha esizinza. Ngokuvamile, i-LEED izibophezele ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi umhlaba uzinzile futhi unempilo.
Vele, ngaphezu kwe-LEED, uhlelo lokuhlola izakhiwo eziluhlaza lomhlaba wonke luhlanganisa futhi:Ukuhlolwa Kwesakhiwo Esiluhlaza saseShayinaI-GB50378-2014 ejwayelekile,Ukuhlolwa Kwesakhiwo Esiluhlaza SaseBrithaniUhlelo (BREE-AM),Uhlelo Lokuhlola Ukusebenza Kwemvelo Oluphelele Lwezakhiwo ZaseJapane(CASBEE), kanye ne-Uhlelo Lokuhlola Isakhiwo Esiluhlaza SaseFrance(Indlu Enkulu). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhonaIsiqondiso sokwakha imvelo saseJalimanes LN B,Ukuhlolwa kwendawo yokwakha yase-Australiaumzimba N ABERS, kanyeUkuhlolwa kwamathuluzi e-GB aseCanadauhlelo.
I-Tianjin Yuantai Derun Steel Pipe Manufacturing Group, njengomunye wabakhiqizi bamapayipi ambalwa ayisikwele nangunxande eShayina abathole isitifiketi se-LEED ekuqaleni, ithengisa kakhulu imikhiqizo elandelayo:
Ipayipi Lensimbi Eyisikwele Elikhulu Le-Yuantai
Ipayipi lensimbi yesikwele elingenamthungo le-Yuantai
Ipayipi lensimbi elingunxande eliphakathi nendawo elinobukhulu be-Yuantai
Ipayipi lensimbi elingunxande elinodonga oluncane lwaseYuantai
Isigaba sensimbi esingenalutho esinephrofayili ye-Yuantai Brand
Ipayipi lensimbi yomthungo oqondile oyindilinga i-Yuantai
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-04-2023
