Gabatarwa:
Fa'idodin Muhalli, Lafiya da Tattalin Arziki - Menene ainihin Takaddun Shaidar LEED? Me yasa yake da mahimmanci a cikin gine-ginen zamani?
A zamanin yau, abubuwa da yawa suna kawo cikas ga muhalli a rayuwarmu ta zamani. Tsarin ababen more rayuwa marasa dorewa, sharar filastik da kuma karuwar hayakin carbon duk suna da alhakin wannan lamari. Duk da haka, kwanan nan, mutane sun fahimci buƙatar kare muhalli daga lahani. A matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan ƙoƙarin, gwamnatoci suna aiki don rage hayakin carbon daga masana'antar gine-gine. Ana iya cimma rage hayakin ta hanyar siyan kayayyaki masu dorewa da kuma aiwatar da hanyoyin gini masu dorewa.
Tare da ƙaruwar buƙatar gine-gine masu ɗorewa, takardar shaidar LEED tana ƙara wa masana'antar gine-gine mataki ɗaya kusa da cimma dorewa.
- Menene Takaddun Shaidar LEED?
LEED (Jagoranci a Makamashi da Tsarin Muhalli) tsarin kimanta gine-gine ne na kore. Manufar ita ce a rage mummunan tasirin da zai yi wa muhalli da mazauna cikin tsarin. Manufar ita ce a daidaita cikakken tsari na gine-gine masu kore da kuma hana yawan kore gine-gine. Majalisar Gine-gine ta Amurka ta kafa LEED kuma an fara aiwatar da ita a shekarar 2000. An sanya ta a matsayin mizani na doka a wasu jihohi da ƙasashe a Amurka.
LEED tana wakiltar jagoranci a fannin makamashi da tsara muhalli.Majalisar Gine-gine ta Amurka (USGBC)ta ƙirƙiro takardar shaidar LEED. Ta ƙirƙiri LEED don taimakawa wajen ƙirƙirar gine-gine masu inganci. Saboda haka, LEED tana tabbatar da gine-gine masu kyau ga muhalli. Wannan takardar shaidar tana kimanta ƙira da gina gine-gine bisa ga dalilai daban-daban.
Hukumar USGBC tana ba gine-ginen da ke shiga cikin shirin matakai huɗu na takardar shaidar LEED. Adadin maki da gine-ginen za su samu shi ne ke tantance matsayinsu. Waɗannan matakan sune:
- Gine-ginen da aka ba da takardar shaidar LEED (maki 40-49)
- Ginin Azurfa na LEED (maki 50-59)
- Ginin Zinare na LEED (maki 60-79)
- Ginin LEED Platinum (maki 80 zuwa sama)
A cewar Majalisar Gina Kore ta Amurka, takardar shaidar LEED alama ce da aka sani a duniya ta cimma nasarar dorewa.
Darajar takardar shaidar LEED a cikin gine-ginen zamani
To, menene fa'idodin takardar shaidar LEED? Yawancin al'ummar duniya suna rayuwa, suna aiki da karatu a gine-ginen da aka ba da takardar shaidar LEED. Dalilan da ya sa takardar shaidar LEED take da mahimmanci a gine-ginen zamani sun haɗa da:
fa'idodin muhalli
Misali, a Amurka, gine-gine suna da babban kaso na amfani da makamashi, ruwa da wutar lantarki a ƙasar. Haka kuma yana da babban kaso na hayakin CO2 (kimanin kashi 40%). Duk da haka, aikin LEED yana taimaka wa sabbin gine-gine da na yanzu su rungumi hanyar da ta fi dorewa. Ɗaya daga cikin fa'idodin gina kore ta hanyar LEED shine ceton ruwa.
LEED tana ƙarfafa amfani da ƙarancin ruwa da kula da ruwan sama. Hakanan tana ƙarfafa amfani da wasu hanyoyin ruwa. Ta wannan hanyar, tanadin ruwa na gine-ginen LEED zai ƙaru. Gine-gine suna samar da kusan rabin hayakin CO2 na duniya. Tushen carbon a cikin gine-gine sun haɗa da makamashi don famfo da kuma tace ruwa. Sauran hanyoyin sune maganin sharar gida da man fetur don dumama da sanyaya.
LEED tana taimakawa wajen rage fitar da hayakin CO2 ta hanyar bayar da lada ga ayyukan da ba su da hayakin da ya wuce kima. Haka kuma tana ba da lada ga ayyukan da ke samar da riba mai kyau ga makamashi. Gine-ginen da aka ba da takardar shaidar LEED suma suna samar da ƙarancin fitar da hayakin da ke haifar da gurɓataccen iskar gas. Waɗannan hayakin galibi suna fitowa ne daga ruwa, sharar gida da sufuri. Wani fa'idar muhalli na takardar shaidar LEED ita ce tana ƙarfafa rage amfani da makamashi.
Masana'antar gine-gine tana samar da miliyoyin tan na shara kowace shekara. LEED tana ƙarfafa jigilar shara daga wuraren zubar da shara. Hakanan tana ba da lada ga kula da sharar gini mai ɗorewa kuma tana ƙarfafa tattalin arzikin gabaɗaya. Suna samun maki lokacin da aikin ya sake amfani da kayan aiki, sake amfani da su da kuma sake amfani da su. Suna kuma samun maki lokacin da suka yi amfani da kayan aiki masu ɗorewa.
Fa'idodin lafiya
Lafiya ita ce babbar damuwar mutane da yawa. Amfani da tsarin kimanta LEED don gina gine-gine masu kore zai taimaka wa mutane su rayu da aiki a cikin yanayi mai kyau. Gine-ginen LEED suna mai da hankali kan lafiyar ɗan adam ta ciki da waje.
Mutane suna ɓatar da kusan kashi 90% na lokacinsu a cikin gida. Duk da haka, yawan gurɓatattun abubuwa a cikin gida na iya ninka sau biyu zuwa biyar fiye da gurɓatattun abubuwa a waje. Illolin lafiya na gurɓatattun abubuwa da ake samu a cikin iska a cikin gida ciwon kai ne. Sauran illolin su ne gajiya, cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan numfashi.
LEED yana inganta ingancin iska a cikin gida ta hanyar tsarin kimantawa. An tsara gidajen da aka ba da takardar shaidar LEED don samar da iska mai tsabta da inganci a cikin gida. LEED kuma yana ƙarfafa haɓaka wuraren da ke samun hasken rana. Waɗannan wurare kuma ba su ƙunshi sinadarai masu tayar da hankali waɗanda galibi ke cikin fenti ba.
A cikin ginin ofis, yanayin cikin gida mai kyau zai iya inganta hulɗar ma'aikata. Irin wannan muhalli yana da iska mai tsabta da isasshen hasken rana. Wasu daga cikin fa'idodin gine-ginen da aka ba da takardar shaidar LEED sun haɗa da haɓaka aiki da ƙimar riƙewa. A cikin irin wannan wuri mai lafiya, ingancin aikin ma'aikata shi ma yana da girma.
Gine-ginen da aka ba da takardar shaidar LEED na iya inganta ingancin iska a waje, musamman a yankunan da ke da masana'antu sosai. Saboda haka, LEED yana da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen rage hayaki. Haka kuma yana da mahimmanci a sa iskar jama'a ta zama mafi koshin lafiya.
aikin tattalin arziki
LEED na iya taimakawa wajen adana kuɗi. Amfani da hasken LED na iya rage farashin makamashi sosai. Haka yake ga hanyoyin dumama da sanyaya waɗanda suka fi amfani da makamashi. LEED yana ƙarfafa amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin adana makamashi da adana kuɗi.
Gine-ginen LEED suma suna da ƙarancin kuɗin kulawa. Wato, idan aka kwatanta da gine-ginen kasuwanci na yau da kullun. Kudin gudanarwa na gine-ginen kore suma suna da ƙasa.
Gine-ginen da aka ba da takardar shaidar LEED suma suna jin daɗin ƙarfafa haraji da ƙarfafa gwiwa. Gwamnatocin ƙananan hukumomi da yawa suna ba da waɗannan fa'idodin. Waɗannan fa'idodin sun haɗa da kuɗin haraji, rage kuɗaɗen shiga da tallafi. Ginin kuma zai iya samun izinin gini na gaggawa da kuma rage kuɗaɗen shiga.
Wasu wurare suna gudanar da binciken makamashi. Takaddun shaida na LEED yana ba da damar a keɓe gine-gine daga binciken kuɗi, don haka yana adana kuɗaɗen aikin. Gine-ginen LEED kuma suna ƙara darajar kadarar. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan gine-ginen suna jan hankalin masu haya. Matsakaicin gurɓataccen gine-gine na kore ya yi ƙasa da na gine-ginen da ba na kore ba.
Takardar shaidar LEED kuma tana ba da fa'ida ga gasa. Kwanan nan, abokan ciniki sun ƙara sanin muhalli. Yawancin mutane suna son biyan ƙarin kuɗi don kayayyaki da ayyukan kamfanonin da ke kula da muhalli. Ƙarin abokan ciniki yana nufin ƙarin kuɗi.
taƙaita
LEED yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukan ƙasa da ƙasa don ci gaba mai ɗorewa a fannin ƙira da gini. Takaddun shaida na LEED yana nuna amfani da hanyoyin gini waɗanda ke haɓaka tattalin arziki mai zagaye kuma suna da kyau ga muhalli. Samun takardar shaida na iya inganta suna ga 'yan kwangila da masu su.
Tare da ƙaruwar buƙatar dorewa, takardar shaidar LEED ta zama mai mahimmanci. Tana amfanar masana'antar gine-gine kuma tana buɗe hanya ga tsarin ɗabi'a na gine-gine mai ɗorewa. Gabaɗaya, LEED ta himmatu wajen tabbatar da cewa duniya ta fi dorewa kuma tana da lafiya.
Ba shakka, ban da LEED, tsarin kimanta gine-gine kore na duniya ya haɗa da:Kimanta Gine-gine Masu Kore na ChinaTsarin GB50378-2014,Kimanta Gine-ginen Kore na BurtaniyaTsarin (BREE-AM),Tsarin Kimanta Ayyukan Muhalli na Gine-ginen Japan Mai Cikakken Inganci(CASBEE), da kumaTsarin Kimanta Gine-gine na Kore na Faransa(HQE). Bugu da ƙari, akwaiJagorar gina muhalli ta Jamuss LN B,Kimanta muhallin gini na Australiyajiki N ABERS, da kumaKimanta Kayan Aikin GB na Kanadatsarin.
Kamfanin Tianjin Yuantai Derun Steel Pipe Manufacturing Group, a matsayin daya daga cikin kalilan daga cikin masana'antun bututun murabba'i da murabba'i a kasar Sin wadanda suka sami takardar shaidar LEED a farkon matakin, galibi suna sayar da kayayyaki masu zuwa:
Yuantai Babban Diamita Square Karfe Bututu
Yuantai sumul square karfe bututu
Yuantai bututun ƙarfe mai kauri matsakaici mai kauri bango mai siffar murabba'i
bututun ƙarfe mai siffar murabba'i mai siffar Yuantai
Sashen ƙarfe mai siffar Yuantai Brand
Bututun ƙarfe mai zagaye madaidaiciya na Yuantai
Lokacin Saƙo: Janairu-04-2023
