(1) Kev ntxuav cov kuab tshuaj organic

Nws feem ntau siv cov organic solvents los yaj cov roj saponified thiab unsaponified kom tshem tawm cov roj stains. Cov organic solvents feem ntau siv suav nrog ethanol, roj av ntxuav, toluene, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, thiab lwm yam. Cov solvents zoo dua yog carbon tetrachloride thiab trichloroethylene, uas yuav tsis hlawv thiab tuaj yeem siv rau kev tshem tawm roj ntawm qhov kub siab dua. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias tom qab tshem tawm roj los ntawm cov organic solvent, kev tshem tawm roj ntxiv kuj yuav tsum tau ua. Thaum cov solvent volatilizes ntawm qhov chaw ntawmlub raj plaub fab, feem ntau muaj ib zaj duab xis nyias sab laug, uas tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm hauv cov txheej txheem hauv qab no xws li kev ntxuav alkali thiab kev tshem tawm roj electrochemical.

(2) Kev ntxuav hluav taws xob

Kev tshem tawm roj cathode lossis siv lwm yam ntawm anode thiab cathode yog siv ntau dua. Cov roj hydrogen sib cais los ntawm cathode lossis cov roj oxygen sib cais los ntawm anode los ntawm kev sib xyaw electrochemical yog mechanically stirred los ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm qhov chaw ntawmlub raj plaub fablos txhawb cov roj av kom dim ntawm cov hlau nto. Tib lub sijhawm, cov tshuaj tau pauv tas li, uas yog qhov zoo rau cov tshuaj saponification thiab emulsification ntawm cov roj. Cov roj seem yuav raug cais tawm ntawm cov hlau nto nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov npuas sib cais tas li. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cathodic degreasing, hydrogen feem ntau nkag mus rau hauv cov hlau, ua rau hydrogen embrittlement. Yuav kom tiv thaiv hydrogen embrittlement, cathode thiab anode feem ntau yog siv los tshem tawm cov roj hloov pauv.

(3) Kev ntxuav alkaline

Ib txoj kev ntxuav raws li kev ua haujlwm tshuaj ntawm alkali yog siv dav vim nws yooj yim siv, tus nqi qis thiab yooj yim nrhiav tau cov khoom siv raw. Txij li thaum cov txheej txheem ntxuav alkali nyob ntawm saponification, emulsification thiab lwm yam haujlwm, ib qho alkali tsis tuaj yeem siv los ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo saum toj no. Feem ntau siv ntau yam khoom sib xyaw, thiab cov khoom ntxiv xws li surfactants qee zaum ntxiv. Qhov alkalinity txiav txim siab qib ntawm kev ua haujlwm saponification, thiab qhov alkalinity siab txo qhov nro ntawm cov roj thiab cov kua, ua rau cov roj yooj yim rau emulsify. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg sawv cev ntxuav uas tseem nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawmseem plaub fabtuaj yeem tshem tawm los ntawm kev ntxuav dej tom qab ntxuav alkali.

(4) Kev ntxuav cov tshuaj surfactant

Nws yog ib txoj kev tshem tawm roj uas siv dav dav los ntawm kev siv cov yam ntxwv ntawm surfactant xws li qhov tsis tshua muaj qhov nro ntawm qhov chaw, qhov ntub dej zoo thiab muaj peev xwm emulsifying muaj zog. Los ntawm kev emulsification ntawm surfactant, lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag interfacial nrog qee lub zog yog tsim rau ntawm qhov sib txuas roj-dej kom hloov pauv lub xeev ntawm qhov sib txuas, yog li cov roj av tau tawg hauv cov kua dej los ua cov emulsion. Los yog los ntawm kev yaj ntawm surfactant, cov roj av tsis yaj hauv dej ntawmlub raj plaub fabyog yaj rau hauv cov surfactant micelle, yog li ntawd thiaj li hloov cov roj pleev xim mus rau cov kua dej.