(1) Ukuhlanza i-solvent

Ikakhulukazi isebenzisa izinyibilikisi zemvelo ukuncibilikisa uwoyela we-saponified kanye ne-unsaponified ukususa amabala kawoyela.Izinyibilikisi eziphilayo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa i-ethanol, uphethiloli wokuhlanza, i-toluene, i-carbon tetrachloride, i-trichlorethylene, njll. Izincibilikisi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu yi-carbon tetrachloride ne-trichlorethylene, engeke ivuthe futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukukhishwa kwamafutha emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngemuva kokususwa kwamafutha nge-solvent ephilayo, ukususwa kwamafutha okungeziwe kufanele kwenziwe.Lapho i-solvent ishintshashintsha ebusweni be-ithubhu elingunxande, ngokuvamile kunefilimu encane esele, engasuswa ezinkambisweni ezilandelayo ezifana nokuhlanza i-alkali nokususwa kwamafutha e-electrochemical.

(2) Ukuhlanzwa kwe-electrochemical

Ukususwa kwamafutha e-Cathode noma okunye ukusetshenziswa kwe-anode ne-cathode kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu.Igesi ye-hydrogen ehlukaniswe ne-cathode noma igesi ye-oxygen ehlukaniswe ne-anode ngokusabela kwe-electrochemical inyakaziswa yisisombululo esiphezu kwendawo.ithubhu elingunxandeukukhuthaza ibala lamafutha ukubaleka endaweni yensimbi.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isixazululo sishintshaniswa ngokuqhubekayo, okuhambisana nokusabela kwe-saponification kanye ne-emulsification yamafutha.Amafutha asele azohlukaniswa ebusweni bensimbi ngaphansi kwethonya lama-bubbles ahlukaniswe ngokuqhubekayo.Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwe-cathodic degreasing, i-hydrogen ivame ukungena ensimbi, ibangele i-hydrogen embrittlement.Ukuze kuvinjwe i-hydrogen embrittlement, i-cathode ne-anode ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukususa uwoyela ngokushintshana.

(3) Ukuhlanzwa kwe-alkali

Indlela yokuhlanza esekelwe esenzweni samakhemikhali e-alkali isetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwayo okulula, intengo ephansi nokutholakala kalula kwezinto zokusetshenziswa.Njengoba inqubo yokugeza i-alkali incike ku-saponification, i-emulsification neminye imisebenzi, i-alkali eyodwa ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukufeza ukusebenza okungenhla.Izinhlobonhlobo zezingxenye zivame ukusetshenziswa, futhi izithasiselo ezifana nama-surfactants ngezinye izikhathi ziyengezwa.I-alkalinity inquma izinga lokusabela kwe-saponification, futhi i-alkalinity ephezulu inciphisa ukungezwani okungaphezulu phakathi kukawoyela nesisombululo, okwenza uwoyela ufakwe kalula.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ejenti yokuhlanza esele phezu kwe-ingxenye engenalutho engunxandeingasuswa ngokugeza ngamanzi ngemva kokugeza i-alkali.

(4) Ukuhlanzwa kwe-surfactant

Kuyindlela esetshenziswa kabanzi yokususa uwoyela ngokusebenzisa izici ze-surfactant ezifana nokushuba kwesimo esiphansi, ukumanzisa okuhle kanye nekhono eliqinile lokuhlanganisa i-emulsifying.Ngokufakwa kwe-emulsification ye-surfactant, imaskhi yobuso obuhlangene nobuso obunamandla athile iyakhiwa ku-interface kawoyela-amanzi ukuze iguqule isimo se-interface, ukuze izinhlayiya zikawoyela zihlakazwe kusisombululo esinamanzi ukuze zenze i-emulsion.Noma ngesenzo sokuncibilika se-surfactant, ibala likawoyela elingancibiliki emanzini ku-ithubhu elingunxandeiyancibilika ku-micelle ye-surfactant, ukuze idlulisele ibala lamafutha kwisisombululo esinamanzi.