Ngongo tapawhā VS ngongo tapawhā, ko tēhea te āhua he pakari ake?
Ko te rerekētanga mahi i waenga ingongo tapawhāmengongo tapawhāi roto i ngā tono hangarau me tātarihia whānuitia mai i ngā tirohanga ā-mīhini maha pēnei i te kaha, te pakari, te pumau, me te kaha ki te pupuri.
1. Kaha (ātete piko me te ātete takahuri)
Kaha piko:
Ngongo tapawhā: Ina tukuna te kawenga piko i te taha roa (te teitei), he nui ake te nekehanga ātete o te wāhanga, ā, he pai ake te ātete piko i te ngongo tapawhā.
Hei tauira, ko te kaha piko o te ngongo tapawhā 100 × 50mm i te taha roa he teitei ake i te ngongo tapawhā 75 × 75mm.
Ngongo tapawhā: He rite tonu te kaha o te inertia i ngā taha katoa, ā, he ōrite te mahi piko, engari he iti iho tōna uara i te ahunga taha roa o te ngongo tapawhā i raro i te horahanga whakawhiti-wāhanga kotahi.
Whakamutunga: Mena he mārama te ahunga o te kawenga (pērā i te hanganga kurupae), he pai ake te ngongo tapawhā; ki te rerekē te ahunga o te kawenga, he taurite ake te ngongo tapawhā.
Te kaha o te takahuri:
He teitei ake te pūmau takahuri o te ngongo tapawhā, he ōrite ake te tohatoha o te ahotea takahuri, ā, he pai ake te ātete takahuri i tērā o te ngongo tapawhā. Hei tauira, he kaha ake te ātete takahuri o te ngongo tapawhā 75×75mm i tērā o te ngongo tapawhā 100×50mm.
Whakamutunga: Ina nui te kawenga takahuri (pērā i te rakau tuku), he pai ake ngā ngongo tapawhā.
2. Pakari (te kaha ārai-whakarerekētanga)
Te pakari o te piko:
He rite te pakari ki te wā o te korenga o te kaha. He nui ake te pakari o ngā ngongo tapawhā i te taha roa, he mea e tika ana mō ngā āhuatanga e hiahia ana kia ātete ki te piko kotahi-angi (pērā i ngā kurupae piriti).
He pakari ā-rua ngā ahunga o ngā ngongo tapawhā, ā, he pai mō ngā kawenga maha-ahu (pērā i ngā pou).
Whakatau: Ko ngā whakaritenga pakari e whakawhirinaki ana ki te ahunga o te kawenga. Kōwhiria ngā ngongo tapawhā mō ngā kawenga ahunga kotahi; whiriwhiria ngā ngongo tapawhā mō ngā kawenga ahunga rua.
3. Te pumau (ātete ki te piko)
Te piko ā-rohe:
He nui ake te ōwehenga whānui-ki-matotoru o ngā ngongo tapawhā hāngai, ā, he ngāwari ake te piko o ngā wāhanga angiangi ki te piko ā-rohe, inā koa i raro i ngā kawenga pēhitanga, kutikuti rānei.
He pai ake te pumau o ngā ngongo tapawhā nā te mea he ōrite te wāhanga whakawhiti.
Te piko whānui (te piko Euler):
E pā ana te kawenga piko ki te iti rawa o te porowhita hurihuri o te whakawhiti-wāhanga. He rite tonu te porowhita hurihuri o ngā ngongo tapawhā i ngā taha katoa, engari he iti ake te porowhita hurihuri o ngā ngongo tapawhā i te taha poto, ā, he ngāwari ake te piko.
Whakamutunga: He pai ake ngā ngongo tapawhā mō ngā wāhanga pēhi (pērā i ngā pou); ki te herea te ahunga taha roa o te ngongo tapawhā, ka taea te whakatikatika mā te hoahoa.
4. Te kaha o te amo (ngā kawenga axial me ngā kawenga whakakotahi)
Te pēhanga tuaka:
E pā ana te kaha pupuri ki te horahanga whakawhiti me te ōwehenga angiangi. I raro i te horahanga whakawhiti kotahi, he nui ake te kaha pupuri o ngā ngongo tapawhā nā te mea he nui ake te pūtoro huri.
Kawenga whakakotahi (te pēhitanga me te piko ngātahi):
Ka taea e ngā ngongo tapawhā te whakamahi i te tahora kua arotauhia ina mārama te ahunga o te nekehanga piko (pēnei i te kawenga poutū i te taha roa); he pai ngā ngongo tapawhā mō ngā nekehanga piko e rua ngā ahunga.
5. Ētahi atu āhuatanga
Te whakamahinga rauemi:
He pai ake te whai huatanga o ngā ngongo tapawhā, ā, he penapena rauemi anō hoki ina pikohia kotahi te ahunga; he ohanga ake ngā ngongo tapawhā ina pikohia ki ngā kawenga maha-ahu.
Te whai huatanga o te hononga:
Nā te ōrite o ngā ngongo tapawhā, he māmā ake ngā hononga pūnga (pēnei i te whakarewa me ngā pūtu); me whai whakaaro hoki ngā ngongo tapawhā rite ki te ahunga.
Ngā horopaki tono:
Ngā ngongo tapawhā rite: ngā kurupae whare, ngā ringaringa kereini, te anga waka (he aronga kawenga mārama).
Ngā ngongo tapawhā: ngā pou hanga whare, ngā taura mokowā, ngā anga miihini (ngā kawenga maha-aronga).
Wā tuku: Mei-28-2025
