Square chubu VS chubu amakona anayi, ndi mawonekedwe olimba kwambiri?
Kusiyana kwa magwiridwe antchitochubu lamakona anayindichubu lalikulumu ntchito zauinjiniya zimayenera kuwunikiridwa mozama kuchokera pamakina angapo monga mphamvu, kuuma, kukhazikika, ndi kunyamula mphamvu.
1. Mphamvu (kupindika ndi kukana torsion)
Mphamvu yopindika:
Chubu cha Rectangular: Ikagwidwa ndi katundu wopindika mbali yayitali (kutalika kolowera), mphindi ya inertia ndi yayikulu, ndipo kukana kupindika kumakhala kwabwinoko kuposa kwachubu lalikulu.
Mwachitsanzo, mphamvu kupinda 100 × 50mm amakona anayi chubu mu utali mbali malangizo ndi apamwamba kuposa 75 × 75mm lalikulu chubu.
Square chubu: The inertia mphindi ndi yofanana mbali zonse, ndipo mapindikidwe mapindikidwe ndi symmetrical, koma mtengo wake nthawi zambiri wocheperapo kusiyana ndi mbali yaitali mbali ya chubu rectangular pansi pa gawo lomwelo.
Kutsiliza: Ngati mayendedwe olemetsa ndi omveka (monga kapangidwe ka mtengo), chubu yamakona anayi ndi yabwino; ngati njira yolemetsa imasinthasintha, chubu cha square chubu chimakhala chokwanira.
Mphamvu ya Torsion:
Kukhazikika kwa torsion kwa chubu cha square ndikwambiri, kugawa kupsinjika kwa torsion kumakhala kofanana, ndipo kukana kwa torsion kuli bwino kuposa chubu lamakona anayi. Mwachitsanzo, kukana kwa torsion kwa chubu cha 75 × 75mm lalikulu kwambiri kuposa chubu la 100 × 50mm lamakona anayi.
Kutsiliza: Pamene torsional katundu ali wamkulu (monga transmission shaft), masikweya chubu ndi bwino.
2. Kuuma (kuthekera kwa anti-deformation)
Kuuma kopindika:
Kuuma kumafanana ndi nthawi ya inertia. Machubu a rectangular ali ndi kuuma kwakukulu kwa mbali yayitali, yomwe ili yoyenera pazochitika zomwe zimafunika kukana kupotoza kwa unidirectional (monga matabwa a mlatho).
Machubu a square ali ndi symmetrical bidirectional stiffness ndipo ndi yoyenera kunyamula zinthu zambiri (monga mizati).
Kutsiliza: Zofunikira zowuma zimadalira komwe akunyamula. Sankhani machubu amakona anayi kwa katundu wa unidirectional; kusankha masikweya machubu kuti bidirectional katundu.
3. Kukhazikika (kukana kwa buckling)
Kulimbana kwanuko:
Machubu a rectangular nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chiŵerengero chokulirapo cha m'lifupi ndi makulidwe, ndipo mbali zopyapyala zimakhala zosavuta kugundana ndi komweko, makamaka popanikizana kapena kukameta ubweya.
Machubu a square amakhala okhazikika bwino amderalo chifukwa cha magawo ake ofananira.
Kulimbana konsekonse (Euler buckling):
Kulemera kwa buckling kumakhudzana ndi utali wocheperako wa gyration wa gawo lodutsa. Utali wozungulira wa machubu akulu ndi ofanana mbali zonse, pomwe utali wozungulira wa machubu amakona anayi munjira yaying'ono ndi yaying'ono, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala okhazikika.
Kutsiliza: Machubu a square amakondedwa kwa mamembala opondereza (monga mizati); ngati mbali yayitali ya chubu ya rectangular imakakamizidwa, ikhoza kulipidwa ndi mapangidwe.
4. Kunyamula mphamvu (katundu wa axial ndi kuphatikiza)
Axial compression:
Kulemera kwapang'onopang'ono kumayenderana ndi gawo la magawo osiyanasiyana komanso kuchuluka kwa slenderness. Pansi pa gawo lopingasa lomwelo, machubu a square ali ndi mphamvu yonyamulira yokulirapo chifukwa cha kutembenuka kwawo kwakukulu.
Katundu wophatikizidwa (kuponderezana kophatikizana ndi kupindika):
Machubu a rectangular amatha kutenga mwayi pamakonzedwe okongoletsedwa pomwe njira yopindika ikuwonekera (monga katundu woyima kumbali yayitali); masikweya machubu ndi oyenera nthawi yopindika ya bidirectional.
5. Zinthu zina
Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu:
Machubu a rectangular amagwira bwino ntchito ndipo amasunga zinthu akamapindika unidirectional; masikweya machubu ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri pansi pa katundu wambiri.
Kuthandizira kulumikizana:
Chifukwa cha symmetry ya machubu a square, kulumikizana kwa node (monga kuwotcherera ndi mabawuti) ndikosavuta; machubu amakona anayi ayenera kuganizira njira.
Zochitika zantchito:
Machubu amakona anayi: matabwa omangira, mikono ya crane, chassis yamagalimoto (mayendedwe omveka bwino).
Machubu a square: mizati yomanga, ma trusses amlengalenga, mafelemu amakina (katundu wanjira zingapo).
Nthawi yotumiza: May-28-2025
