ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ʻōwili wela a me ka ʻōwili anu ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka mahana o ke kaʻina hana ʻōwili. ʻO "Anuanu" ke ʻano o ka mahana maʻamau, a ʻo "wela" ke ʻano o ka mahana kiʻekiʻe. Mai ka manaʻo o ka metallurgy, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka palena ma waena o ka ʻōwili anu a me ka ʻōwili wela e ka mahana recrystallization. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ka ʻōwili ma lalo o ka mahana recrystallization he ʻōwili anu, a ʻo ka ʻōwili ma luna o ka mahana recrystallization he ʻōwili wela. ʻO ka mahana recrystallization o ke kila he 450-600 ℃.
Eia ka ʻike holoʻokoʻa o nā pane i nā nīnau e pili ana i [ʻOkoʻa ma waena o ka ʻōwili wela a me ka ʻōwili anu]:
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ʻōwili anu a me ka ʻōwili wela, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka mahana o ke kaʻina hana ʻōwili. ʻO ke ʻano o "anuanu" ʻo ia hoʻi ka mahana maʻamau, a ʻo "wela" ʻo ia hoʻi ka mahana kiʻekiʻe. Mai ka manaʻo o ka metallurgy, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka palena ma waena o ka ʻōwili anu a me ka ʻōwili wela e ka mahana recrystallization. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ka ʻōwili ma lalo o ka mahana recrystallization he ʻōwili anu, a ʻo ka ʻōwili ma luna o ka mahana recrystallization he ʻōwili wela. ʻO ka mahana recrystallization o ke kila he 450-600 ℃.
ʻO ka ʻōwili wela a me ka ʻōwili anu he mau kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana i nā papa kila a i ʻole nā kikoʻī, nona ka hopena nui i ke ʻano a me nā waiwai o ke kila. ʻO ka ʻōwili ʻana o ke kila he ʻōwili wela nui ia, a hoʻohana wale ʻia ka ʻōwili anu e hana i ke kila ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a me ka papa lahilahi. He paʻakikī ke hoʻololi a hana i nā ingots a i ʻole nā billets ma ka mahana o ka lumi. Ma ke ʻano laulā, hoʻomehana ʻia lākou i 1100-1250 ℃ no ka ʻōwili ʻana. Ua kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ʻōwili he ʻōwili wela. ʻO ka mahana hope o ka ʻōwili wela he 800-900 ℃, a laila hoʻomaʻalili ʻia i ka lewa, no laila ua like ke kūlana ʻōwili wela me ka mālama maʻamau. ʻO ka hapa nui o ke kila e ʻōwili wela. ʻO ka ʻōwili anu e pili ana i ke ʻano ʻōwili o ka extruding kila a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ke kila me ke kaomi o nā ʻōwili ma ka mahana o ka lumi. ʻOiai ke kaʻina hana e hoʻomehana pū i ka papa kila, ua kapa ʻia nō ia he ʻōwili anu.
Kuhikuhi kēia palapala i nā kūlana hoʻouna loea no ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kū'ē i ka wā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai ka uila a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o ke arc i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ke kila i hana anu ʻia i nā ʻāpana hakahaka o ke kila poepoe, huinahā, ʻehā huinahā a i ʻole elliptical a i hana anu ʻia me ka ʻole o ka mālama wela ma hope o ka mālama wela ʻana o ka laina weld. HOʻOMANAʻO 1 Hiki ke loaʻa nā koi no nā hoʻomanawanui, nā ana a me nā waiwai ʻāpana ma EN 10219 2. HOʻOMANAʻO 2 Ua huki ʻia ka manaʻo o nā mea hoʻohana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻoiai hiki i nā papa i hana anu ʻia ma kēia palapala ke loaʻa nā waiwai mechanical like me nā papa i hoʻopau ʻia i ka wela ma EN 10210 3, ʻaʻole like nā waiwai ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana hakahaka huinahā a me nā ʻāpana ʻehā huinahā ma EN 10219 2 a me EN 10210 2. HOʻOMANAʻO 3 Ua kuhikuhi ʻia kahi ʻano o nā papa kila ma kēia palapala a hiki i ka mea hoʻohana ke koho i ka papa kūpono loa i ka hoʻohana i manaʻo ʻia a me nā kūlana lawelawe. ʻO nā ʻano a me nā waiwai mechanical, akā ʻaʻole ke kūlana hoʻolako hope loa o nā ʻāpana hakahaka i hana anu ʻia, ua like ia me nā mea i loko o EN 10025 3, EN 10025 4, EN 10025 5, EN 10025 6, EN 10149 2 a me EN 10149 3.
EN 10210-3-2020
Nā ʻāpana hakahaka kūkulu kila i hoʻopau ʻia me ka wela- Māhele 3: Nā kūlana hoʻouna loea no nā kila ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa i ka wā
Kuhikuhi kēia palapala i nā kūlana hoʻouna loea no ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa i ka wā wela, nā ʻāpana kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka uila a me ka wai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka arc i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ke kila o nā ʻano poepoe, huinahā, rectangular a i ʻole elliptical. Pili ia i nā ʻāpana hakahaka i hana ʻia me ka wela, me ka mālama wela ʻole a i ʻole me ka ʻole o ka mālama wela ma hope, a i ʻole i hana ʻia me ke anuanu me ka mālama wela ma luna o 580 °C e loaʻa ai nā waiwai mechanical like me nā mea i loaʻa i ka huahana i hana ʻia me ka wela. HOʻOMANAʻO 1 Ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā koi no nā hoʻomanawanui, nā ana a me nā waiwai ʻāpana ma EN 10210-2. HOʻOMANAʻO 2 Ua huki ʻia ka manaʻo o nā mea hoʻohana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻoiai hiki i nā papa i hana ʻia me ke anuanu ma EN 10219-3 ke loaʻa nā waiwai mechanical like me nā papa i hoʻopau ʻia me ka wela ma kēia palapala, ʻaʻole like nā waiwai ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana hakahaka huinahā a me ka rectangular ma EN 10210-2 a me EN 10219-2. HOʻOMANAʻO 3 Ua kuhikuhi ʻia kahi ʻano o nā papa mea ma kēia palapala a hiki i ka mea hoʻohana ke koho i ka papa kūpono loa i ka hoʻohana i manaʻo ʻia a me nā kūlana lawelawe. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau, ua like nā ʻano a me nā waiwai mechanical o nā ʻāpana hakahaka i hoʻopau ʻia me nā mea i loko o EN 10025-4, EN 10025-5 a me EN 10025-6. HOʻOMANAʻO 4 Ua uhi ʻia nā koi no nā ʻāpana hakahaka kila seamless a me welded no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hale ma waho o ke kai i loko o ka moʻo EN 10225. HOʻOMANAʻO 5 Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana hakahaka wiliwili me ke akahele i nā noi e pili ana i ke ʻano dynamic (tigue stress) no ka mea, a hiki i kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe ʻikepili lawa e pili ana i kā lākou hana.
E hoʻolauna i ka hoʻohana ākea o ka paipu huinahā i hana anu ʻia
Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka sima i hoʻoikaika ʻia no nā makahiki he nui ma nā hale ʻoihana a me nā hale kīwila o Kina
Kaʻapuni lōʻihi a me ka haumia nui. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka holomua o ka ʻōwili welakukuna Hnā huahana o Ma Steel lāua ʻo Lai Steel
Wahi a ka hoʻolauna ʻana o ka mākeke, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kūkulu kila i ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale. Ua hoʻolauna ʻia nā hale hoʻokolohua kūkulu kila like ʻole, nā hale hoʻohālike a me nā hale kaulana kekahi ma hope o kekahi. Ua hoʻomaka pū nā kūlana a me nā kikoʻī no ka hoʻolālā a me ke kūkulu ʻana e komo i ke kahua o ka hoʻomaikaʻi mālie. Ua holomua nui ka ʻoihana kūkulu kila o Kina i nā makahiki i hala iho nei.
Eia nō naʻe, i kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā hale kila o Kina no ke kila ʻano H i ʻōwili wela ʻia a me nā hale kila like ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Ua hiki aku ka hiki o ke kila ʻano H i ʻōwili wela ʻia ma Kina i 3 miliona tone, a ʻo ka hana o ke kila ʻano H māmā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a me nā hale kila like ʻole he mau haneli tausani tone. ʻOi aku ka hana o nā paipu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Kina ma mua o 7 miliona tone i ka makahiki, nona ka hana onā paipu huinahā a me nā ʻāpana huinahā i hana anu ʻiaa ʻo nā ʻano hale kila like ʻole i hana anu ʻia no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale kila he emi ma mua o 5% o ka huina o ka hana o ke kila i hana anu ʻia. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kila i hana anu ʻia i nā hale kila ʻoihana a me nā hale kīwila ma Kina aia i ka pae mua. Ua hoʻomaka wale ka paipu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka hale huinahā a me ka hale huinahā i hana anu ʻia e pani i ke kila ʻano H i ʻōwili wela ʻia e like me ke kolamu hale kila. ʻAʻole i hoʻohana nui ʻia nā kila ʻē aʻe i hana anu ʻia i ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale.
ʻāpana hollow kila yuantai no ka crane,ʻāpana hakahaka yuantai seamless,ʻāpana hakahaka huinahā ʻo yuantai
I kēia manawa, ua kūkulu ke Kuhina Kūkulu i kekahi mau hale hoʻāʻo hana kila ma nā hale ʻoihana a me nā hale kīwila, e like me
Ua kūkulu ʻia ʻelua mau hale hōʻikeʻike hale kila o ke Kuhina Kūkulu ma Tianjin i ka makahiki 2002. Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu kila ma kēia papahana.
ʻŌnaehana kūkulu paipu ʻōpae kila kila i hoʻoikaika ʻia (SRC) me ke kolamu sima, ka nui o ka wahi papahana
8000m2, he ʻumikūmākahi papahele ke kino nui, hana ʻia kekahi kolamu me ka paipu poepoe, a hana ʻia kekahi kolamu me ka paipu kila huinaha
350x350mm, ʻokoʻa ka mānoanoa me ka papahele, ʻo ia hoʻi nā papahele 1 ~ 3 he 16mm, 4 ~
14mm no ka papahele 6, 12mm no ka papahele 7 a i ka papahele 9, 10mm no ka papahele 10 a i ka papahele 11, a ninini ʻia i loko o ka paipu kila.
Sima C40.
Hana ʻia ke kaola me ka I-beam i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ke kikoʻī o 350x200x10x18mm, a me ka papahele papahele
He papa hana hui mua ia me ka hoʻoikaika iwi ʻōwili ikaika kiʻekiʻe. I kēlā manawa, ʻaʻohe mea hana ma Kina i hana i nā paipu huinahā me ia anawaena nui, no laila ua hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu kila huinahā i ka papahana, ʻo ia hoʻi nā kolamu BOX ʻehā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
ʻO ka papahana hōʻike hale kila o ke Kuhina Kūkulu o Tianjin Yuantai Derun Steel Pipe Manufacturing Group Co., Ltd. e huki ana i ʻelua mau mea hoʻoikaika mai ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kila ʻāpana i hana anu ʻia (ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka paipu huinahā) i loko o ka hale kila:
ʻO ka mea mua, he nui ka wahi mākeke no nā paipu ʻāpana anu nui, a ʻo ka helu kūpono o nā papahele no ka hale kila
Me nā papahele 10 ~ 18, loaʻa i kēlā mau hale waena a me ke kiʻekiʻe kekahi mau koi no nā kikoʻī o nā paipu huinahā i hana anu ʻia.
ʻO ka lua, he mau pono maopopo ko nā paipu kila huinaha ma mua o nā paipu kila poepoe no ʻekolu mau kumu:
ʻO ka mea mua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā paipu huinaha a me ka poepoe me ka lōʻihi like a me ke anawaena o ka halihali a me ka hana seismic.
Maikaʻi. Wahi a ka hoʻāʻo i mālama ʻia e ke kulanui ma Tianjin ma kahi ʻekolu papahele ʻelua ʻāpana paipu huinaha a me ka paipu poepoe i kūkulu ʻia.
ʻO 150mm ka lōʻihi o ka ʻaoʻao o ke kolamu paipu, a ʻo 150mm ke anawaena o ka paipu poepoe. Hōʻike nā hopena hoʻāʻo ua kūpaʻa ka mea mua i ka lateral force yield bearing
ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hiki ke ukana a me ka hiki ke hali hope loa he 80% ma mua o ka mea hope, a ʻo ka helu kuhikuhi hana seismic ma kahi o ʻelua manawa o ka mea hope;
ʻO ka lua, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā paipu huinaha. Pono e hoʻonui hou ʻia ke kolamu sima o ka hale kila
No ke kūkulu ʻana, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻāpana poepoe i ka ʻāpana huinahā;
ʻO ke kolu, he paʻakikī ke hana me ka pilina ma waena o nā kolamu sima poepoe a me nā kaola. ʻO ke kūkulu kila e hiki mai ana ma Kina
Ma ka mākeke, e loaʻa i nā ʻōmole huinahā a me nā ʻōmole huinahā i hana anu ʻia kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi.
Hiki i ka mālama wela ʻili o ka paipu kila ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka palena luhi o ka ʻāpana hana huahana. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka ʻenehana hana mua o ka hapalua axle kaʻa i hana ʻia me ke kila he mālama wela maʻamau, a ua hoʻonui ʻia kona ola lawelawe ma kahi o 20 mau manawa ma ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka mālama wela ʻili i ka mālama wela. Eia kekahi, hoʻemi ka mālama wela ʻili i ka ʻike hakahaka o nā ʻāpana. ʻO ke kumu o ka mālama wela ʻili, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻano o nā huahana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma nā ʻano like ʻole, kahi e pili pono ana i nā ʻano o nā mea ʻelua.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-21-2022
