Pofuna kupereka zambiri zokhudza ma reference kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe akufuna kuyitanitsa mapaipi achitsulo a zinc aluminum magnesium koma sanayikebe oda, mkonzi walemba nkhaniyi ndi chiyembekezo chopatsa makasitomala phindu lowonjezera.
Chidule:
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, mphamvu yonse yopanga zokutira zapakhomo ikukulirakulirabe, ndipo opanga omwe ali ndi mphamvu zopangira zophimba zotentha akuwonjezera kwambiri mitundu yawo yazinthu. Pankhani yochepetsa mpweya wa kaboni mdziko lonse ndikukweza mphamvu zatsopano, zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri za aluminiyamu magnesium zakhala zodziwika bwino. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, mafakitale ambiri achitsulo alowa nawo kupanga zophimba ...
Chiyambi ndi gulu la zinthu za magnesium za aluminiyamu ya nthaka:
01. Chiyambi cha Zinc Aluminiyamu Magnesium Products
Mbale yachitsulo ya aluminiyamu yopangidwa ndi galvanized magnesium ndi mtundu watsopano wa mbale yachitsulo yophimbidwa ndi dzimbiri, yomwe imapangidwa makamaka ndi zinc, 1.5% -11% aluminiyamu, 1.5% -3% magnesium, ndi silicon yochepa (yomwe ili ndi kusiyana pang'ono pakati pa opanga osiyanasiyana). Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza zitsulo ndi zitsulo zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri pamwamba, kuphatikiza zokutira zosiyanasiyana za zinc ndi zigawo zambiri zachitsulo kuti zisawonongeke. Ndi chitukuko chopitilira chaukadaulo, mbale zachitsulo zophimbidwa ndi zinc aluminium magnesium alloy zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani omanga chifukwa cha kukana kwawo dzimbiri, mawonekedwe abwino, kusinthasintha, komanso mawonekedwe okongoletsa. Pang'onopang'ono akukwezedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale monga zida zapakhomo ndi kupanga magalimoto.
Nippon Steel, Nippon Steel, ThyssenKrupp ndi makampani ena otchuka padziko lonse lapansi anayamba kuphunzira za mbale yachitsulo iyi m'ma 1980, ndipo anayamba kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000. Zaka zinayi zapitazo, zinthu zambiri za zinc aluminiyamu magnesium zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku China zinkachokera kumayiko monga Japan ndi South Korea. Ndi kuwiritsa kosalekeza kwa mafakitale a photovoltaic m'zaka zaposachedwa, kuwonjezera pa mafakitale achitsulo a boma monga Baosteel, Jiuquan Steel, Shougang, ndi Tangshan Steel, mafakitale ambiri achitsulo achinsinsi nawonso alowa mumakampaniwa, monga Tianjin Xinyu ndi Hebei Zhaojian. Makampani ena opanga zitsulo zodulidwa nawonso alowa nawo mumakampaniwa. Pakadali pano, makulidwe omwe angapangidwe ku China ndi 0.4mm-4.0mm, ndipo m'lifupi mwake omwe angapangidwe ndi 580mm-2080mm. Pakadali pano, mafakitale achitsulo ku China omwe amapanga zinc aluminiyamu magnesium sheet coils makamaka ndi otsika aluminiyamu zinc aluminiyamu magnesium, ndipo ndi mabizinesi ochepa okha omwe angapange aluminium zinc aluminiyamu magnesium yapakatikati (yapamwamba). Mwachitsanzo, Shougang ili ndi mndandanda wonse wa zinc aluminiyamu magnesium, ndipo ili ndi mzere wokhawo wopangira mdziko muno womwe ungapereke mbale zachitsulo zokutidwa ndi zinc aluminiyamu magnesium zokhala ndi makulidwe a 3.0 mm kapena kuposerapo pazifukwa za kapangidwe kake.
02. Kugawa ndi Makhalidwe a Zinthu za Zinc Aluminiyamu Magnesium Products
Pakadali pano, malinga ndi kusanthula kwa China Baowu kwa mbale zachitsulo zophimbidwa ndi magnesium zomwe zilipo kale, zophimba zambiri zimakhala ndi magnesium ndi magnesium ≤ 3%. Kutengera ndi kuchuluka kwa aluminiyamu komwe kuli muzophimbazo, zophimba za magnesium za zinc aluminiyamu zimagawidwa m'magulu awa:
Chophimba cha aluminiyamu chotsika cha zinc ndi aluminiyamu: Kuchuluka kwa aluminiyamu: 1% -3.5%. Chophimbachi chimapangidwa powonjezera kuchuluka kwa aluminiyamu ndi zinthu zina pogwiritsa ntchito galvanizing yotenthetsa. Chophimbachi ndi mtundu wokonzedwa bwino wa kukana dzimbiri kwa chophimba cha zinc chotenthetsa ndi madzi.
Chophimba chapakati cha aluminiyamu ya zinki ya aluminiyamu ya magnesium: kuchuluka kwa aluminiyamu: 5% -11%.
Chophimba cha aluminiyamu chokhala ndi zinc zambiri mu aluminiyamu: Kuchuluka kwa aluminiyamu: 55%. Chophimbachi chimapangidwa powonjezera kuchuluka kwa magnesium ndi zinthu zina pogwiritsa ntchito chophimba cha aluminiyamu chokhala ndi zinc chotentha. Chophimbachi ndi mtundu wokonzedwa bwino wa kukana dzimbiri kwa chophimba cha aluminiyamu chokhala ndi zinc chotentha.
Pakadali pano, kupanga kwakukulu ku China ndi aluminiyamu yochepa ya zinc aluminiyamu, ndipo mabizinesi ena monga Shougang ndi Baosteel amathanso kupanga aluminiyamu yambiri ya zinc aluminiyamu. Zinc aluminiyamu ya magnesium sikuti ingangokonzedwa mwachindunji, komanso imagwiranso ntchito ngati gawo la ma coil okhala ndi utoto. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2022, mpukutu woyamba wa utoto wa Baosteel Zhanjiang Steel unayambitsidwa mwalamulo ndipo kupanga kwakukulu kunayamba kumapeto kwa February. Mtundu wa Baosteel Zhanjiang Steel ukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse ya zinc aluminiyamu ya magnesium ngati gawo lapansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale maziko okhawo padziko lonse lapansi opanga mitundu yonse ya utoto wa zinc aluminiyamu ya magnesium.
Khalidwe la zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinc aluminiyamu ya magnesium lakhala nkhani yofunika kwambiri pakadali pano, chifukwa cha makhalidwe awo abwino a zinthu zopangidwa. Ubwino waukulu wa zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinc aluminiyamu ya magnesium umaonekera chifukwa cha kukana dzimbiri kwambiri, kutsatiridwa ndi magwiridwe antchito opangira zinthu.
Gome 1: Kuyerekeza pakati pa Zinc Aluminium Magnesium Products ndi Pure Zinc Products
| Nambala ya siriyo | Makhalidwe a malonda | Kuyerekeza pakati pa Zinc Aluminium Magnesium ndi Pure Zinc |
| 1 | Kukana dzimbiri kwa lathyathyathya | Kuyesa kwa mchere wosalowerera: Chophimba cha magnesium cha zinc aluminiyamu ndi chokwera nthawi 3-10 kuposa chophimba cha zinc choyera chachikhalidwe. Kuzimiririka kwa dzimbiri kwa nthawi yayitali mumlengalenga: Chophimba cha magnesium cha zinc aluminiyamu chimatha kufika pamlingo woposa kawiri kuposa chophimba cha zinc choyera. |
| 2 | Kukana dzimbiri kwa mabala | Kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa malo a zinc aluminiyamu magnesium notch ndi kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa kwa zokutira zachikhalidwe za zinc zoyera |
| 3 | Kuchuluka kwa kukangana kochepa | Kuchuluka kwa kupsinjika kwa zinc aluminiyamu magnesium coefficient ndi 15% kotsika kuposa kwa zinc yoyera coefficient |
| 4 | kukana kuvala | Kuuma kwa zinc aluminiyamu magnesium chophimba ndi pafupifupi katatu kuposa zinc yeniyeni chophimba. |
Chiyambi chonse cha chitukuko cha zinthu zamkati za zinc aluminiyamu ya magnesium
01. Kukula kosiyana kwa mphamvu zopangira zokutira
Monga tafotokozera kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyi pamwambapa, isanafike chaka cha 2016, zinthu zopangidwa ndi magnesium zopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu yopangidwa ndi galvanized m'nyumba zinali zopanda kanthu. Popeza makampani ochepa apakati, makampani aboma, ndi makampani akuluakulu opaka utoto achinsinsi akulowa pang'onopang'ono pamsika wamkati, mphamvu yopanga ya magnesium ya aluminiyamu ya zinc ikukula pang'onopang'ono. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zosakwanira, mphamvu yopanga ya magnesium ya zinc ikuyembekezeka kukhala pafupifupi matani 7 miliyoni pachaka, ndipo zomwe zilipo pano zikukula mofulumira. Komabe, poganizira za kupanga kwakukulu kwa chitsulo ndi utoto wa China Steel woposa matani 160 miliyoni, gawo lonse la utoto wa magnesium wa zinc aluminiyamu likadali laling'ono.
Kukula pang'onopang'ono kwa zinthu zatsopano kukuwonetsa mphamvu yochulukirapo yopangira zinthu m'makampani onse opaka utoto: ngakhale kuti mphamvu yopangira utoto ku China ndi yayikulu, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zenizeni ndi kochepera 60%, ndipo mabizinesi achinsinsi sakwanira pankhani yomanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu zopangidwa ndi magnesium zili ndi zovuta zambiri zaukadaulo komanso zofunikira pakupanga, komanso mtengo wabwino pamsika ndi ziyembekezo, ndipo zakhala njira yodziwika bwino yofufuzira ndi kupanga zinthu m'makampani omwewo kunyumba ndi kunja.
02. Pansi pa mpikisano waukulu, pali mwayi wopeza phindu pazinthu zatsopano
Chithunzi 1: Kusintha kwa mitengo ndi kusiyana kwa mitengo pakati pa zinc, aluminiyamu, magnesium, ndi zinc plating ku Shanghai (gawo: yuan/tani)
Pofika pa Disembala 7, cholembera chachikulu cha Mysteel cha 2.0mm Ansteel zinc aluminiyamu magnesium sheet coil pamsika wa Shanghai chinali ndi mtengo wa 5500 yuan/tani, pomwe cholembera chachikulu cha 1.0mm Ansteel galvanized sheet coil chinali ndi mtengo wa 4700 yuan/tani, ndipo kusiyana kwa mtengo pakati pa cholembera cha zinc aluminiyamu magnesium sheet coil ndi cholembera cha galvanized sheet coil ndi 800 yuan/tani. Malinga ndi kuwerengera kwa zinc layer ndi specification markup mu fakitale yachitsulo, cholembera cha zinc aluminiyamu magnesium plate coil ndi 275g zinc layer, ndipo markup ya zinc layer mu fakitale yachitsulo ndi pafupifupi 300 yuan/tani. Kutengera kuwerengera kumeneku, ngakhale pazinthu zomwe zili ndi makulidwe ofanana a zinc layer, mtengo wa zinc aluminiyamu magnesium ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa wa zolembera za galvanized sheet coil, zomwe zimatsimikizira mwanjira ina kuti pali mwayi wopeza phindu pazinthu za zinc aluminiyamu magnesium, kaya kuchokera kwa amalonda kapena opanga zitsulo. Zachidziwikire, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mu Julayi, kusiyana kwa mitengo pakati pa zinc aluminiyamu magnesium ndi galvanized sheet coil kunakwera kufika pa 1350 yuan/tani, kenako kunakhalabe mkati mwa 1000 yuan/tani, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti palinso mpikisano pamsika wa zinc aluminiyamu magnesium womwe ulipo. Kusiyana kwa mitengo pakati pa Tianjin zinc aluminiyamu magnesium ndi galvanized sheet ndi chitsanzo chabwino, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 2.
Mu msika wa ogula magetsi opangidwa ndi photovoltaic, kuwonjezera pa msika wa East China, palinso msika wokhazikika, womwe ndi Tianjin, makamaka ku Daqiuzhuang. Malo opangira magetsi opangidwa ndi photovoltaic awa akhalanso chandamale chachikulu cha mafakitale ambiri achitsulo. Pakadali pano, mumsika wa Tianjin, zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo zimaphatikizapo mafakitale achitsulo a boma monga Shougang, Ansteel, Tangshan Steel, ndi Handan Steel; Makampani achinsinsi achitsulo monga Hebei Zhaojian, Tianjin Xinyu, Shandong Huafeng, ndi zina zotero. Poganizira kusiyana kwa mitengo, kusiyana kwa mitengo pakati pa Tianjin zinc aluminiyamu magnesium ndi zinc plating ndi kotsika kwambiri kuposa komwe kulipo pamsika wa Shanghai. Pofuna kutenga gawo la msika, mafakitale achitsulo nawonso asintha mfundo zawo moyenerera.
03 Kupita patsogolo mwachangu kwa makampani opanga magetsi pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zatsopano komanso kuchepetsa mpweya wa kaboni
Makampani opanga utoto wapakhomo akuwonetsa kusintha kwakukulu, ndipo gawo lotentha la kukula kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagalimoto ndi zida zapakhomo lapita, koma mphamvu zatsopano zikukula mofulumira. Pa Novembala 21, Msonkhano Wadziko Lonse wa Msika wa Magalimoto Onyamula Anthu unatulutsa lipoti lokhudza momwe msika watsopano wamagalimoto amagetsi aku China umagwirira ntchito: Kupanga magalimoto atsopano amagetsi ku China kuyambira Januwale mpaka Okutobala kunali mayunitsi 5.59 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 108.4%, ndi kuchuluka kwa kulowa kwa 24.7% komanso kuchuluka kwa zopereka zopitilira 80% pakukula kwa msika wamagalimoto. Mofananamo, pankhani ya dzikolo kulimbikitsa mwachangu Zomangamanga Zatsopano ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zatsopano, kufunikira kwa makampani a magnesium a zinc aluminiyamu kuli ndi malo okulirapo komanso mphamvu zophulika.
Makampani opanga magetsi a dzuwa ku China afika pamlingo wotsogola padziko lonse lapansi m'mbali zosiyanasiyana, makamaka kuyambira mu 2022, chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa kufalikira kwa COVID-19 pafupipafupi komanso kuchepa kwachuma, kukula kwa makampani opanga magetsi a dzuwa kwakhala kokhazikika. M'magawo atatu oyamba a 2022, kupanga kwa China kwa polycrystalline silicon, ma silicon wafers, mabatire, ndi zida zake kwapita patsogolo kwambiri, ndipo kupanga maulalo osiyanasiyana mu unyolo wamafakitale kwafika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri. Ukadaulo wamakampani ukupitilirabe kupanga zinthu zatsopano ndikupita patsogolo, ndipo mphamvu yosinthira maselo a solar a silicon heterojunction yakhazikitsa mbiri yatsopano yapadziko lonse ya 26.81%. Zinthu zatsopano zachitikanso mu kafukufuku, chitukuko ndi kuyesa koyesa maselo a perovskite stacked, ndipo chitsanzo cha "photovoltaic+" chikukulanso nthawi zonse. M'magawo atatu oyamba, mphamvu yatsopano yoyika ma photovoltaic apakhomo yafika pa 52.6GW. Kuyambira Januwale mpaka Okutobala, mtengo wonse wa magetsi opangidwa ndi photovoltaic ku China unapitirira madola 44 biliyoni aku US, zomwe zikuchirikiza kwambiri kufunikira kwakukulu kwa misika yamagetsi opangidwa ndi photovoltaic m'dziko muno ndi kunja.
Kusanthula kwa Ziyembekezo za Chitukuko cha Zinc Aluminium Magnesium Sheet and Roll
01 Kupititsa patsogolo miyezo ya malonda m'magawo ogwiritsira ntchito mafakitale nthawi zonse
Ngakhale kuti kukula kwamphamvu kwa zinthu zopangira utoto wonse kukukulirakulira, pakadalibe vuto la kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopangira utoto wokhala ndi kuchuluka kochepa kogwiritsa ntchito. Mabizinesi apitiliza kukulitsa njira zogulitsira pamsika ndikuwonjezera gawo la msika. Pakukula kosalekeza kwa ma laminate okhala ndi utoto, n'zomveka, koma pa mpikisano wopitilira wa makampaniwa, pali kusiyana pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma laminate okhala ndi utoto ndi ma roll.
Pankhani ya makampani opanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu yokhala ndi galvanized, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa miyezo yazinthu zomwe zilipo, ndikofunikira kuti mabizinesi akuluakulu aboma ku China atsogolere popanga miyezo yoyenera. Pofuna kukhazikitsa ndi kupanga zinc aluminiyamu yokhala ndi magnesium, chinthu chatsopano, chomwe chili ndi njira yabwino, katswiri wodziwika bwino Pulofesa Xu Xiufei wochokera ku China Metallurgical Corporation (MCC), mothandizidwa ndi National Steel Standards Committee, adapanga mabizinesi abwino kwambiri opaka utoto mdziko lonselo kuti asinthe muyezo wamakampani wa "Continuous Hot Dip Coated Steel Plate and Strip for Construction". Kwa nthawi yoyamba padziko lonse lapansi, zigawo zonse zopaka utoto, kuphatikiza magulu atatu akuluakulu a zinc aluminiyamu yokhala ndi magnesium, zidaphatikizidwa mu muyezo womwewo, womwe siwongola dzanja kwa ogula kuyerekeza ndikugwiritsa ntchito, komanso ungalimbikitse kusankha bwino kwa zipangizo ndi zinthu zapamwamba komanso zotsika mtengo zopaka utoto.
Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mpikisano wa zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinc aluminiyamu ya magnesium m'mabizinesi akunyumba, chizolowezi chotumiza zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinc aluminiyamu ya magnesium kuchokera kumayiko akunja chabwerera m'mbuyo, ndipo zinthu zambiri zapamwamba zatumizidwa kumayiko otukuka monga ku Europe ndi America. Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi, sikuti zangolepheretsa malonda ogulitsa ndi kutumiza kunja zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinc aluminiyamu ya magnesium, komanso zayambitsa zopinga zaukadaulo m'makampani. Chifukwa chake, kuyesetsa kukambirana padziko lonse lapansi ndikupanga miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi kwakhala njira yayikulu yoti zinthu zaku China zipite padziko lonse lapansi. Zikuyembekezeka kuti kukwezedwa kwa pulojekiti yapadziko lonse lapansi ya zinc aluminiyamu ya magnesium kudzatsegula mwayi watsopano kwa makampani opanga mapepala okhala ndi zinki aku China kuti apikisane padziko lonse lapansi.
02 Kukonza kwamtsogolo kwa chinthuchi kukuyenerabe kuyembekezeredwa
Kupanikizika komwe makampani opanga mapepala okhala ndi ma coil ndi ma coil akukumana nako sikungatheke kupitirira muyeso. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu kudakali kwakukulu, ndipo mitengo ikuchepa. Kukula kwa mafakitale opanga zinthu m'nyumba monga zida zapakhomo ndi magalimoto kudzapitirira kuchepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufunidwa kukhale kovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, phindu la makampani opanga mapepala achitsulo, kuphatikizapo zinthu zophimbidwa, likupitirirabe kuchepa, ndipo kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mkati kudzapitiriza kuwonjezera kusintha kwa makampani.
Komabe, zinthu zopangidwa ndi magnesium zopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu yokhala ndi galvanized zili ndi ntchito zapadera komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito kutengera zinthu zopaka utoto, ndipo malire aukadaulo kunyumba ndi kunja akadali okwera. Nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake m'mapulojekiti ofunikira komanso m'mafakitale apamwamba ogula zinthu kukukulirakulira, ndipo madera ogwiritsidwa ntchito ake akukulirakulirabe. Ziyembekezo zamtsogolo zachitukuko ndizofunikirabe kuziyembekezera. Ngati munthu angathe kulowa nawo mndandanda wamakampani ogulira zinthu, adzakhalanso ndi mwayi wapadera pampikisanowu.
Mpikisano wa msika womwe ulipo pakali pano wa magnesium yotsika ndi aluminiyamu wakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mabizinesi ambiri akugwirizana nawo popanga ndi kugulitsa zinthu za magnesium ya aluminiyamu ya zinc kuti agawane phindu la malondawo. Kutengera ndi makhalidwe a ogula ndi momwe makampani akupitira patsogolo, tikukulimbikitsani kuti muyike patsogolo zinthu za magnesium ya aluminiyamu yopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu m'malo ofunikira (apakatikati) a aluminiyamu ya zinc ya aluminiyamu. Msika wowala komanso phindu lalikulu la makampani ndizomwe aliyense akuyembekezera.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-04-2023
