ʻO ka I-beam kahi lālā kūkulu me kahi ʻāpana keʻa ʻano I (like me ke kapikala "I" me nā serif) a i ʻole ke ʻano H. ʻO nā huaʻōlelo loea ʻē aʻe e pili ana me ka H-beam, I-section, universal column (UC), W-beam (kū no ka "wide flange"), universal beam (UB), rolled steel joist (RSJ), a i ʻole double-T. Hana ʻia lākou i ke kila a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻano hana kūkulu like ʻole.
Ma lalo nei, e hoʻohālikelike kākou i nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka H-beam a me ka I-beam mai kahi kuanaʻike ʻāpana.
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke kukuna-H i nā papahana e pono ai nā ʻāpana lōʻihi a me ka mana lawe ukana kiʻekiʻe, e like me nā alahaka a me nā hale kiʻekiʻe.
Kukui H Vs Kukui I
ʻO ke kila ka mea kūkulu i hoʻololi pinepine ʻia a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia. ʻO nā H Beam a me I Beam nā mea kūkulu maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale kalepa.
Ua like ke ʻano o nā mea ʻelua no ka poʻe maʻamau, akā aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma waena o kēia mau mea ʻelua, he mea nui e ʻike.
ʻO ka ʻāpana moe o nā kaola H a me I ua kapa ʻia ʻo nā flanges, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻāpana kū pololei ua kapa ʻia ʻo ka "pūnaewele." Kōkua ka pūnaewele i ka halihali ʻana i nā ikaika shear, ʻoiai ua hoʻolālā ʻia nā flanges e kū i ka manawa kūlou.
He aha wau, e Beam?
He ʻāpana kūkulu ia e like me ke kapikala I. Loaʻa iā ia ʻelua mau flanges i hoʻopili ʻia e ka pūnaewele. ʻO ka ʻili o loko o nā flanges ʻelua he slop, maʻamau, 1:6, ka mea e mānoanoa ai i loko a lahilahi i waho.
ʻO ka hopena, hana maikaʻi ia i ka ukana halihali ma lalo o ke kaomi pololei. Loaʻa i kēia kaola nā ʻaoʻao i hoʻopili ʻia a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻāpana kea i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka laulā o ka flange.
Ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana, loaʻa nā ʻāpana I-beam i nā ʻano hohonu, mānoanoa o ka pūnaewele, ka laulā o ka flange, nā kaumaha, a me nā ʻāpana.
He aha ka H Beam?
He lālā kūkulu nō hoʻi ia i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kila H i ʻōwili ʻia. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā kaola ʻāpana H no nā hale kalepa a me nā hale noho ma muli o ko lākou lakio ikaika-kaumaha a me nā waiwai mechanical kiʻekiʻe.
ʻAʻole e like me ke kaola I, ʻaʻohe ʻano hilig o loko o nā flanges kaola H, e maʻalahi ai ke kaʻina hana kuʻihao. Ua like ka mānoanoa o nā flanges ʻelua a ua like kekahi me kekahi.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kona mau ʻano ʻokiʻoki ma mua o ke kaola I, a he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waiwai mechanical no kēlā me kēia kaupaona e mālama ai i nā mea a me ke kumukūʻai.
ʻO ia ka mea punahele no nā kahua, nā mezzanine, a me nā alahaka.
I ka nānā mua ʻana, ua like nā kaola kila ʻāpana H a me ka ʻāpana I, akā he mea nui e ʻike i kekahi mau ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma waena o kēia mau kaola kila ʻelua.
ʻAno
Ua like ke kukuna h me ke ʻano o ke Kapikala H, ʻoiai ʻo ke kukuna I ke ʻano o ke Kapikala I.
Hana ʻana
Hana ʻia nā kaola I ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana hoʻokahi, aʻo ka kaola H he ʻekolu mau papa metala i hoʻopili ʻia.
Hiki ke hana ʻia nā kukuna-H i kekahi nui i makemake ʻia, ʻoiai ke kaupalena nei ka mana o ka mīkini wili i ka hana ʻana o nā kukuna-I.
Nā ʻāpana
He like ka mānoanoa o nā flanges H beam a ua like kekahi me kekahi, ʻoiai ʻo nā flanges I he tapered me ka hilig o 1: a i 1:10 no ka hiki ke lawe ukana maikaʻi.
Mānoanoa o ka Pūnaewele
He mānoanoa loa ka pūnaewele o ke kukuna h i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kukuna I.
Helu o nā ʻāpana
Ua like ke kaola ʻāpana-h me kahi ʻāpana metala hoʻokahi, akā he bevel kona kahi i hoʻopili ʻia ai nā papa metala ʻekolu.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hana ʻia kahi kaola ʻāpana I ma ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a i ʻole ke kāpili ʻana i nā pepa metala, hoʻokahi wale nō ʻāpana ia o ka metala holoʻokoʻa.
Kaumaha
ʻOi aku ke kaumaha o nā kaola H i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kaola I.
Ka mamao mai ka hopena o Flange a i ke kikowaena o ka Pūnaewele
Ma ka ʻāpana I, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mamao mai ka hopena flange a i ke kikowaena o ka Pūnaewele, ʻoiai ma ka ʻāpana H, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mamao mai ka hopena flange a i ke kikowaena o ka Pūnaewele no ka ʻāpana like o ka I-beam.
Ikaika
Hāʻawi ke kaola ʻāpana-h i ka ikaika hou aku no kēlā me kēia anakahi kaumaha ma muli o kahi ʻāpana ʻāpana i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia a me kahi lakio ikaika-i-kaumaha maikaʻi loa.
Ma keʻano laulā, ʻoi aku ka hohonu o nā kaola ʻāpana I ma mua o ka laulā, e hoʻolilo ana iā lākou i mea maikaʻi loa i ka hāpai ʻana i ka ukana ma lalo o ke kuʻi kūloko. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ko lākou kaumaha ma mua o nā kaola ʻāpana H, no laila ʻaʻole lākou e lawe i kahi ukana koʻikoʻi e like me nā kaola H.
Paʻa
Ma keʻano laulā, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o nā kaola ʻāpana H a hiki ke lawe i kahi ukana kaumaha ma mua o nā kaola ʻāpana I.
ʻĀpana kea
He ʻāpana haiki ko ke kaola ʻāpana I kūpono no ka halihali ʻana i ka ukana pololei a me nā koʻikoʻi tensile akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi ia i ka wili ʻana.
I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻoi aku ka laulā o ka ʻāpana kea o ke kaola H ma mua o ke kaola I, hiki ke lawelawe i ka ukana pololei a me nā pilikia tensile a kūʻē i ka wili ʻana.
Ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana
ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā kaola ʻāpana H ma muli o ko lākou mau flanges waho pololei ma mua o nā kaola ʻāpana I. ʻOi aku ka paʻa o ka ʻāpana kaola ʻāpana H ma mua o ka ʻāpana kaola ʻāpana I; no laila hiki iā ia ke lawe i kahi ukana nui aʻe.
Manawa o ka Inertia
ʻO ka Moment of Inertia no kahi kaola e hoʻoholo ai i kona hiki ke kūʻē i ke kūlou ʻana. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ia mea, ʻo ka emi ʻana o ke kūlou ʻana o ke kaola.
He ʻoi aku ka laulā o nā flanges o nā kaola ʻāpana-H, ke ʻoʻoleʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻaoʻao, a me ka moment of inertia ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā kaola ʻāpana-I, a ʻoi aku ko lākou kūpaʻa i ke kūlou ʻana ma mua o nā kaola I.
Nā ʻāpana
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi kaola ʻāpana I no kahi ʻāpana a hiki i 33 a 100 kapuaʻi ma muli o nā palena hana, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi kaola ʻāpana H no kahi ʻāpana a hiki i 330 kapuaʻi no ka mea hiki ke hana ʻia i kekahi nui a kiʻekiʻe paha.
Hoʻokele waiwai
ʻOi aku ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka kaola ʻāpana H me nā waiwai mechanical e hoʻonui ana ma mua o ka kaola ʻāpana I.
Noi
He kūpono nā kaola ʻāpana H no nā mezzanine, nā alahaka, nā kahua, a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale noho a me nā hale kalepa maʻamau. Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi lākou no ke kolamu e hāpai ana i ka ukana, ke kalaka, a me ke kūkulu ʻana i ka moena kalaka.
ʻO nā kaola ʻāpana I ka ʻāpana i hoʻohana ʻia no nā alahaka, nā hale kila kūkulu, a me ka hana ʻana i nā mōlina kākoʻo a me nā kolamu no nā elevators, nā hoists a me nā hāpai, nā ala trolley, nā trailers, a me nā moena kalaka.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-10-2025
